Phrases and Clauses
Commas Between Independent Clauses
Commas in a Series
Commas Separating Adjectives
Commas After Introductory Phrases and Clauses
100
skipping along the sidewalk
phrase
100
The beach is a lot of fun but the mountains are even better.
The beach is a lot of fun, but the mountains are even better.
100
lions tigers and bears
lions, tigers, and bears
100
a cold dreary day
a cold, dreary day
100
Once upon a time there was a girl locked in a tower.
Once upon a time, there was a girl locked in a tower.
200
where I put the car keys
dependent clause
200
I really wanted potato soup but they only offered clam chowder and chicken noodle.
I really wanted potato soup, but they only offered clam chowder and chicken noodle.
200
riding a bicycle juggling tennis balls and singing a song
riding a bicycle, juggling tennis balls, and singing a song
200
the older Irish couple
the older Irish couple
200
Because of the numerous thunderstorms the Little League games had to be postponed until next week.
Because of the numerous thunderstorms, the Little League games had to be postponed until next week.
300
because of her beautiful smile
phrase
300
We all looked very tired for we had stayed up all night cramming for the final.
We all looked very tired, for we had stayed up all night cramming for the final.
300
Many of the freshman in 5th period wished for unlimited money unlimited McDonald's and unlimited shoes.
Many of the freshman in 5th period wished for unlimited money, unlimited McDonald's, and unlimited shoes.
300
Mr. Smith bought a new sports car to show off his wealth.
Mr. Smith bought a new sports car to show off his wealth.
300
Every morning when I wake up I need my cup of coffee before I can do anything else.
Every morning when I wake up, I need my cup of coffee before I can do anything else.
400
the quarterback dropped the football
independent clause
400
I have always dreamed of traveling the world but I have never had the opportunity to go more than 200 miles from my hometown.
I have always dreamed of traveling the world, but I have never had the opportunity to go more than 200 miles from my hometown.
400
Jimmy has to take his medicine when he wakes up at lunch and before he goes to bed.
Jimmy has to take his medicine when he wakes up, at lunch, and before he goes to bed.
400
Mrs. Loew taught the lively talkative freshman about commas and it was their favorite English lesson.
Mrs. Loew taught the lively, talkative freshman about commas, and it was their favorite English lesson.
400
Just as Mrs. Oliver had instructed the students always wrote in complete sentences on their homework so they earned good grades.
Just as Mrs. Oliver had instructed, the students always wrote in complete sentences on their homework, so they earned good grades.
500
after Aidan returned from his fishing trip
dependent clause
500
My intramural volleyball team lost every game during the regular season yet somehow we made it to the championship during playoffs.
My intramural volleyball team lost every game during the regular season, yet somehow we made it to the championship during playoffs.
500
I need to know if you are attending the Christmas party what food you will bring and if you would like to participate in the gift exchange.
I need to know if you are attending the Christmas party, what food you will bring, and if you would like to participate in the gift exchange.
500
The wealthy old lady lives in a big pretentious house wears expensive designer clothing and eats at fancy Italian restaurants.
The wealthy old lady lives in a big, pretentious house, wears expensive designer clothing, and eats at fancy Italian restaurants.
500
At the end of the fast-paced exhilarating Jeopardy game the students rejoiced over their new-found grammar skills and Mrs. Oliver and Mrs. Loew were very proud.
At the end of the fast-paced, exhilarating Jeopardy game, the students rejoiced over their new-found grammar skills, and Mrs. Oliver and Mrs. Loew were very proud.