Genetics
How can offspring inherit a trait that is NOT shown in the phenotype of either parent?
Both parents carried a recessive gene for the trait.
What is the relationship between chromosomes and the nucleus?
chromosomes contain genetic material for the cell and are inside the nucleus.
What is phenotype?
The physical appearance of a trait that an organism has.
What can fossil records reveal about ancient plants and animals?
How they have changed over time
If an animal is heterozygous for brown fur (Bb) is crossed with an animal that is homozygous for red fur (bb), what percent of their offspring will have red fur?
50%
For a certain animal, it is given that gray fur is dominant (F), and black fur is recessive (f). What is the likely cross needed to produce a litter that is 50% gray fur and 50% black fur?
Ff X ff
This type of reproduction produces offspring that are genetically different.
Sexual reproduction
Who is the scientist that studied different finch species on the Galapagos Islands to show survival of the fittest?
Charles Darwin
What is the term used to describe various forms of a single trait?
Alleles
This type of reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical.
Asexual reproduction
If one parent is homozygous dominant for a certain genotype, and the other parent is homozygous recessive for the same genotype, what percent of their offspring will have the recessive phenotype of the trait?
0%
To allow for a more varied diet; less competition for food
If BOTH parents have a recessive allele for the same trait, what percent of their offspring will end up inheriting that trait?
25%
Using the letter "H,"draw a Punnett square that illustrates the following: Parent 1 is homozygous dominant for straight hair, and Parent 2 is homozygous recessive for curly hair.
show your Punnett square
The process of choosing which organisms to breed in order to produce a desired trait is called what?
selective breeding
If you take a multi-layered cross section of ground, which layer will have the oldest fossils?
The lowest (bottom) layer
How is the set of chromosomes belonging to a health male written?
( XX, XXY, XYY, XY)
XY
An organism that has one dominant and one recessive allele for a given trait are classified as what?
Heterozygous
What is the process where organisms adapt to their environment in order to better survive (survival of the fittest)?
natural selection
What are 2 disadvantages of selective breeding?
* decreased genetic variety
* diseases can be passed down
* physical problems can arise