Definitions
A figure of speech in which words are used in
such a way that their intended meaning is different
from the actual meaning of the words.
What is Irony
Words that will make you feel strongly
about someone or something
What is Loaded Words
The assumption that because two things are alike in some respects, they are alike in others. It is setting up a false comparison in an attempt to prove a point
What is a False Analogy
Expressing the same idea using different words
What is Restatement
Partway through the argument, the arguer goes off on a side issue that distracts the audience from whats really at stake.
What is Red Herring
An exaggeration of ideas for the sake of emphasis
What is Hyperbole
A statement suggesting that everyone is using a specific product, so you should, too!
What is Bandwagon
an advertising and persuasive technique that targets consumers' desires to be superior by suggesting that a product or service is associated with luxury, exclusivity, or high social standing.
What is Snob Appeal
Questions asked for effect rather than answers.
What is Rhetorical Questions
Similar grammatical structures expressing related ideas
What is Parallelism
A figure of speech in which the writer intentionally
downplays or minimizes the significance or intensity of a situation
What is Understatement
The suggestion that only two alternatives exist when in
fact there are more.
What is False Dilemma
Words that “glitter” but give no
details about the product.
What is Glittering Generalities
Short, catchy phrases
What is Slogans and Saws
Falsely accusing that one thing will lead to another.
What is Slippery Slope.
A logical fallacy in which the writer, instead of applying
evidence simply restates the point in other language.
What is Circular reasoning, Begging the Question, or Unsupported Assertion
An attack on the person proposing an argument rather
than on the argument itself.
What is Ad hominem.
The assumption that because one event follows another, the first is the cause of the second.
What is Post Hoc
Drawing a comparison that shows a similarity between two unlike things
What is Analogy
A word or phrase that mimics the sound it describes (e.g. Wam, Pow, Boom!)
What is Onomatopoeia
The fallacy is committed whenever the proponent of an argument attempts to persuade the audience to accept the conclusion... by predicting (or causing) unpleasant consequences if it is not accepted.
What is Appeal to Fear (Ad Baculum)
When the speaker/writer/company attempts to appear
relatable to the audience to prove that the
argument/product is for people “just like you.”
What is Plain Folks
A generalization based on insufficient or unrepresented evidence DOUBLE JEOPARDY (Double points given and taken)
What is Hasty Generalization
The reuse of a key word or idea for emphasis
What is Repetition
juxtaposition of strongly contrasting words,
images, or ideas
What is Antithesis