Common Cold
This is the number of days it is safe to take Afrin
What are 3 days? Because it can produce rebound nasal congestion that prompts continued usage.
Fever and body aches are (more/less) severe in a cold than the flu.
What is less severe?
True or False - Antibiotics should never be given for pharyngitis because it is always caused by a virus.
False - the more severe cases of pharyngitis are usually bacterial cases. These include streptococcus, mycobacteria pneumonia and gonnorhea among others.
These are a sign that a urine culture was contaminated by skin bacteria.
What are epithelial cells?
True or False - people with bilateral swelling and redness of both lower legs often have bilateral cellulitis.
What is false? Cellulitis is rarely bilateral. Swelling and redness are more likely to be from edema.
This is the medicine for colds that can be risky with some psychiatric medications.
What is Dextromethorphan? (Serotonergic agent)
Nasal congestion and sneezing are (more/less) severe in a cold vs. the flu.
What is more severe?
These are 2 sign2 (out of 4) that pharyngitis needs urgent attention because of possible airway obstruction or deep throat infection.
WHat are
Airway obstruction signs: Stridor, muffled voice, respiratory distress, polling of saliva
Deep throat infection: Unilateral sore throat, stiff neck, neck pain or swelling, toxic appearance (= looks really sick)
True or False - Women are more likely to develop UTIs, but when men develop UTIs they are more likely to indicate serious problems.
This is 1 out of 4 reasons a pt might need hospitalization for cellulitis.
What is fever/chills, delirium, altered vital signs or unlikely to get and take antibiotic?
True or False - Antibiotics can cure the common cold. Why or why not?
False because the common cold is viral not bacterial, and there are no antiviral agents effective against it.
Between a cold and the flu, this is likely to begin more abruptly.
What is the flu?
THis is why a culture for streptococcus should be done at the same time as a rapid strep test.
What is low sensitivity and specificity? What are high false positive and false negative results also accepted.
This physical sign can be elicited on physical exam, and if positive, supports a diagnosis of pyelonephritis.
What is costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness?
This is the time by which improvement in cellulitis should be seen when being treated with appropriate antibiotics.
What is 24 - 48 hrs?
These 2 things are the best way to prevent the common cold.
What are handwashing and masks?
This agent is best when for the flu used within 48 hrs of symptom onset.
What is Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)?
True or false - patients with COPD are more likely to need an antibiotic for bronchitis
True - A viral bronchitis is more likely to precipitate bacterial bronchitis in people with chronic lung disease.
This is 1 out of 3 conditions which predisposes someone to UTIs.
What is the neurogenic bladder, chronic urinary catheritization or anatomical defects of urinary system?
Although cellulitis is often recurrent, 1 of these 3 things can be done to prevent future episodes of cellulitis.
What is treating peripheral edema with compression, treating fungal disease of foot, or (rarely) treating with suppressive antibiotics?
These 2 things are found more often in people with pneumonia than other types of respiratory syndromes.
What are abnormal vital signs and altered mental status?