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Definitions
Vaccines
Types of Communicable Diseases
Levels of Prevention
Miscellaneous
100
Illnesses caused by specific infectious agents or its toxic products that arise through transmission of that agent or its products from an infected person, animal, or reservoir to a susceptible host, either directly or indirectly through a host, vector or in inanimate environment.
What are communicable diseases?
100
Every minute 6 children die from these types of diseases around the world.
What are vaccine preventable diseases?
100
Illnesses acquired through the consumption of contaminated food.
What are food-borne infections?
100
Screening, early diagnosis, early treatment, isolation, and quarantine are examples of this level of prevention.
What are secondary prevention measures?
100
These are acquired during hospital stays
What are nosocomial infections?
200
Bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses
What are the four main agents that can cause infectious diseases?
200
This disease has been eradicated globally due to vaccines.
What is small pox?
200
The e-coli in Walkerton, Ontario was an example of this?
What is a water borne pathogen? (also cholera, typhoid, and dysentery)
200
Immunizations, chemoprophylaxis, and education ie: safe sexual practices, and universal precautions are examples of this level of prevention.
What are primary prevention measures?
200
This is considered the most effective way to prevent the spread of nosocomial infections.
What is hand washing between patients?
300
The number of communicable disease cases exceed the normal occurrences during a given period of time.
What is an outbreak? ie: TB is a common outbreak in homeless in spring and winter in Canada
300
In Canada, 4000-8000 people die from these illnesses each year, combined with significant morbidity.
What is influenza?
300
Lyme disease and West Nile virus are examples of these?
What are vector–borne diseases? (Lyme-tick, West-Nile virus & Malaria [most prevalent vector borne disease in the world]- mosquito).
300
Immunization or prophylaxis to prevent illness after a known or possible exposure are examples of this level of prevention.
What is secondary prevention?
300
The rate of this nosocomial infection rose from 5/100,000 in 1999 to 15/100,000 in 2005.
What is vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE)?
400
When a disease spreads and affects large number of populations worldwide.
What is a pandemic?
400
The agency that publishes the current and recommended schedules for vaccinations, i.e. the schedule for adults who were not immunized in childhood, and require vaccinations as adults, which may be quite applicable to community case management .
What is the Public Health Agency of Canada? (Stamler, p148)
400
Rabies, (considered almost 100% fatal) and carried by bats, foxes, raccoons and skunks is an example of this.
What are Zoonotic Infections?
400
Education/monitoring for treatment compliance, prevent complications, identify adverse affects, and monitor treatment effectiveness are examples of this level of prevention.
What is tertiary prevention?
400
This BC legislation lists all reportable diseases in BC.
What is the Public Health Act or the Health Act Communicable Disease Regulation (1983, updated 2009)?
500
The steady presence of a disease in a defined geographic area or population. IE TB in foreign-born Canadians.
What is an endemic?
500
This BC government agency has a website dedicated to information for health care professionals, which includes descriptions of RNs and RPNs scope of practice related to H1NI, as well as information related to H1N1 for special population aggregates, such as First Nations communities and pregnant women.
What is the BC Ministry of Health, Living, and Sports?
500
Pinworms, often seen in children is an example of this?
What is is a Parasitic Disease?
500
Restriction of a well person exposed to a communicable disease, while that disease was communicable and in order to prevent disease transmission.
What is quarantine?
500
This tertiary prevention measure is idealy suited for clients with TB, and who are high risk for medication non-compliance.
What is Direct Observed Therapy (DOT) or daily medication adminstration observation.