Competencemunicative Competence
CEFR Level
Assessment Design
Validity, Reliability &Fairness FairnessFairnessC
Real-Life Communication
100

What is communicative competence?


The ability to use language effectively and appropriately in real-life situations.

100

What does CEFR stand for?

Common European Framework of Reference for Languages.

100

What is assessment?

The process of collecting and evaluating evidence of learners' knowledge and abilities.

100

What does validity mean?

The extent to which an assessment measures what it is intended to measure

100

A student introduces themselves using simple sentences. Which CEFR level might this represent?

A1

200


What are the four components of communicative competence in the Canale and Swain model?


Grammatical, sociolinguistic, discourse, and strategic competence.



200

What are the six main CEFR proficiency levels?

A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, and C2.

200

What is a rubric?

A scoring guide containing criteria used to evaluate performance.

200

What does reliability mean?

The consistency of assessment results or scoring.

200

A student orders food and asks simple questions in a café. Which level might this represent?

A2

300

Which competence involves grammar, vocabulary, and sentence formation?


Grammatical competence.

300

Which level describes an independent user who can understand the main ideas of complex texts?

B2

300

Why should teachers align assessment tasks with learning objectives?

To ensure that the assessment measures the intended learning outcomes.

300

What does fairness mean in assessment?

Giving learners a fair opportunity to demonstrate their abilities.

300

A student expresses an opinion and supports it with reasons. Which level might this represent?

B1

400


Which competence helps speakers choose appropriate language for different social situations?


Sociolinguistic competence.

400

Which level describes a proficient user who can understand almost everything with ease?

C2

400

What are the five main steps in our assessment-design process?

Select a descriptor, contextualise the task, elicit evidence, score with criteria, and review the assessment.

400

Name two ways to improve scoring reliability

Use clear rubrics and train or moderate raters.

400

A student cannot understand a word, so they explain what they mean using different words. Which competence are they demonstrating?

Strategic competence.

500

Which competence helps speakers overcome communication problems through clarification or paraphrasing?

Strategic competence.

500

What is a CEFR "can-do" descriptor?

A statement describing what a learner can do with language at a particular proficiency level.

500

500Why should teachers pilot an assessment before using it with a whole class?To identify unclear instructions, practical problems, and weaknesses in the task or scoring criteria.

To identify unclear instructions, practical problems, and weaknesses in the task or scoring criteria.

500

A speaking test gives students marks mainly for grammar but does not assess interaction. What could be the problem?

The assessment may lack validity if interaction is an intended learning outcome.

500

Two students plan an outing, compare options, negotiate, and agree on a final choice. Name two communicative abilities the teacher could assess.

Interaction and coherence. Other suitable answers include giving reasons, clarification, and pragmatic appropriateness.