People
Fidel Castro
What were the effects of Great Leap Forward?
Caused starvation in China
Killed many people
People were overworked
U.S. containment policy during Cold War
US wanted to stop Communism from spreading from USSR and China
Led to arms race between Soviet Union and USA
Stopped US from trading with communist countries
US and USSR used propaganda to get support for their opinions
Relating to a form where the government has complete control over every aspect of people's lives
Totalitarian
Which United States president signed the Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty?
President Kennedy
Vladimir Lenin
Headed the Soviet Union after Russian Revolution
Came before Stalin
Opened up the way to the Russian Revolution
Leader of the Bolshevik Party
Wanted communism to spread
What was the Soviet Union’s economy like?
Economy was weak
Food shortages and shortages of other goods
Because they spent too much on military to keep up in arms race
Led to breakup of USSR into independent nations
Stalin’s totalitarian state
Changed USSR from a peasant society to a leading military and industrial power
Built hundreds of factories and forced people to work in them
Farmers had to join collectives which caused foods shortages and killed millions
People who opposed his ideas were killed or imprisoned in purges
People who opposed Stalin's ideas were killed or imprisoned in campaigns called _______
Purges
Which two nations became the most powerful superpowers after WWII?
U.S.S.R and the United States
Karl Marx
Developed the idea that it was unfair that property owners made money while others did work
Developed communism in the 1800s
Encouraged workers to revolt against system
Wrote Communist Manifesto
Korean War and Vietnam War- Similarities AND Differences
Both were divided into North and South
North Korea and North Vietnam were both communists
North Korea and North Vietnam wanted to united who country under communism
Both Norths got help from USSR and China; both Souths got help from the US
Neither North nor South Korea won the war
North Vietnam won war which united the country under communism
What happened after the US ended diplomatic relations with Cuba?
It outlawed all Cuban trade and travel by Americans and was then restored. Now Americans are allowed limited travel to and trade with Cuba
During the Vietnam War, American men between the ages of 18 and 25 could be ________
Drafted
What did Americans and Soviets do as tensions mounted between them?
They both began to make alliances with other countries to defend themselves in case of an attack
Mikhail Gorbachev
Soviet leader who came into power in 1985
Enacted big changes
Signed treaty limiting nuclear weapons
Introduced policies such as perestroika (restructuring) and glasnost (openness)
Knew USSR couldn’t afford to continue arms race
Countries broke ties with USSR during his reign
China and Eastern Europe – Differences during the 1980s
Freedom movements in Eastern Europe; held elections and had new governments
China remained communist and did not allow elections
When young Chinese student revolted for democracy, China killed them
What happened after the Vietnam War?
Vietnam was cut off from trade and normal relations with the US and most noncommunist countries.
The governments harsh treatment drove many people to flee the country.
Then the government began opening up Vietnam to private business and international trade. It is now one of the world's fastest-growing economies
________ is a system in which all property and means of production are shared by a group of people
Communism
Vladmir Lenin ordered this person and his/her family to be killed
Nicholas II
Who was Mao Zedong?
Left home at 14 to escape arranged marriage
Became follower of Revolutionary Leader Sun Yat-Sen at 17
Cut off his pigtail showing he’s no longer loyal to emperor
Believed China should modern country
Became leader of people’s republic of China in 1949
Succeeded in building industry
His second plan, the Great Leap Forward, tried to change economy
Blamed China’s problems on people who were no true communists
Killed or imprisoned those who disagreed with him
Ordered a Cultural Revolution in China to cut people’s ties with past
Sent the educated to jail, work camps, or killed them
Became Communist leader of China
Russian Revolution in 1917
Russian people were angry with czar because his reforms didn’t really help them with their problems
The people couldn’t afford to feed themselves; couldn’t afford to pay taxes
People were also angry about Russia’s WWI involvement
Bolshevik Party led by Vladimir Lenin though it was time for a communist government for Russia
In early 1917, Russian people revolted
The czar was forced to give up leader when his army betrayed him by joining the revolution
A temporary government as setup
Later in year, the Bolshevik Party overthrew government and set up their own
Russia withdrew from WWI
Effects of Communism during the 20th century
Only five out of 20 countries remained communist after 1970s
Caused many revolutions against communism
Made the countries’ economies poor
Many people went hungry because communist countries did not grown enough food
Noncommunist countries did not want to trade with communist countries
Korea and Vietnam split and had civil wars
Led to Cold War & arms race because US wanted to stop the spread of communism
Communist government had too much control over the people
The United States adopted a policy of ________
Containment
In 1989 Chinese students led this (also name where)
Pro-democracy protests in Tiananmen Square in Beijing