CC1
John was sentenced to five years in prison and was released after serving four years.
What mechanism applies to his early release?
a. Bail
b. Parole
c. Probation
d. Revocation
b-parole
Which of the following is a disadvantage of probation or parole?
a. Decreased risk to the community
b. Decreased social costs
c. Increased opportunities for rehabilitation
d. Relative lack of punishment
d. Relative lack of punishment
A major limitation of work-release programs is that most inmates must settle for low-
skilled and low paying jobs. One reason for this limitation would be:
a. Inmates have the education needed to secure higher-paying employment.
b. Inmates on work-release tend to neglect paying restitution or dependent
support.
c. Many employers are reluctant to hire work-release inmates.
d. There is less competition for higher-paying jobs.
c. Many employers are reluctant to hire work-release inmates.
Sheila Smith is sentenced to probation. The conditions of her probation include:
maintain employment, possess no firearms, obey all laws, and meet with her probation
officer biweekly. Which conditions would apply to all probationers in the jurisdiction
where she was sentenced?
a. Binding
b. General
c. Specific
d. Special
b. General
Which of the following is considered an advantage of probation and parole?
a. Higher cost
b. Increased employment opportunities
c. Increased risk of criminal socialization
d. Relative lack of punishment
b. Increased employment opportunities
The first person or organization to implement parole in the United States was;
a. John Augustus
b. Zebulon Brockway
c. Captain Alexander Maconochie
d. The United States Parole Commission
b. Zebulon Brockway
Which of the following is the most frequently used sentence in Criminal Justice?
a. Diversion
b. Fines
c. Incarceration
d. Probation
d. Probation
Which of the following is a disadvantage of probation and parole?
a. Probation and parole expose the community to greater risk that does
incarceration.
b. Probation and parole result in decreased social cost.
c. Probation and parole provides increased opportunity for rehabilitation.
d. Probation and parole programs reduces risk of criminal socialization.
a. Probation and parole expose the community to greater risk that does
incarceration.
If a client has violated the conditions of probation, the probation agency may
recommend:
a. Discharge
b. General Conditions
c. Revocation
d. Standard conditions
c. Revocation
Which of the following are imposed at the discretion of the judge and probation officials
and are designed to address the offender’s particular situation?
a. General conditions
b. Probation subsidies
c. Special conditions
d. Standards conditions
c. Special conditions
Two of the most critical issues surrounding halfway houses are:
a. A collection problems and the cumulative effect of monetary penalties.
b. Community resistance and recidivism.
c. Discrimination and an impersonal atmosphere.
d. Rights to privacy and protection against self-incrimination.
b. Community resistance and recidivism.
Intensive Supervision Probation (ISP) usually lasts:
a. Six to twelve months
b. Six months to two years
c. Five years
d. Five to ten years
b. Six months to two years
Which of the following reasons accounted for the largest percentage of parole
violations?
a. Absconding
b. Failure to pay restitution
c. Failure to successfully complete exit examination
d. Rule violation or new offense
d. Rule violation or new offense
Home confinement programs did not gain wide popularity until this became
widespread during the 1980’s.
a. Electronic monitoring
b. Rehabilitation
c. Restoration
d. Structured fines
a. Electronic monitoring
Which of the following offers a community-based residential facility that is an
alternative to confinement in jail or person?
a. Community Correctional Centers
b. Electronic monitoring
c. Home Confinement
d. Shock incarceration
a. Community Correctional Centers
What two Supreme Court cases provide procedural safeguards to either probationers or
parolees?
a. Gagnon vs. Scarpelli; Morrissey vs. Brewer
b. Gagnon vs. Scarpelli; Greenholtz vs. Nebraska
c. Griffin vs. Wisconsin: Greenholtz vs. Nebraska
d. Morrissey vs. Brewer; Mempha vs. Rhay
a. Gagnon vs. Scarpelli; Morrissey vs. Brewer
Which of the following is considered an advantage of using probation instead of
imprisonment?
a. Allows the offender to maintain family ties.
b. Decreases employment opportunities for offenders.
c. Decreases the likelihood restitution will be paid.
d. Offenders may interact with other convicted offenders.
a. Allows the offender to maintain family ties.
There are four important factors in determining whether to grant or deny parole.
Which of the following is one of these factors?
a. Future felony convictions
b. History of mental illness
c. Seriousness of the current offense
d. Ties to family and community
c. Seriousness of the current offense
Probation and parole
a. Are distinctly different forms of community correction administered by different
authorities.
b. Are essentially the same and are terms that are used interchangeably.
c. Are sentences handed down by the courts to ease prison overcrowding.
d. Use different supervisor techniques but are usually administered by the dame
office.
a. Are distinctly different forms of community correction administered by different
authorities.
As a rule, the newer intermediate sanctions are oriented less toward rehabilitation and
more forward:
a. Reintegration
b. Restitution
c. Restoration
d. Retribution
d. Retribution
Which of the following is a function of a probation or parole officer’s work?
a. Assist defense attorneys
b. Determine quilt or innocence
c. Suspend sentences
d. Supervision of clients
d. Supervision of clients
Which of the following outcomes accounted for the largest percentage of state
parolees?
a. Absconded
b. Failed to successfully meet the conditions of supervision
c. Returned to prison or jail
d. Successfully completed their term of supervision
d. Successfully completed their term of supervision
A prosperous Boston shoemaker who is considered the “father” of probation.
a. John Augustus
b. Zebulon Brockway
c. Walter Crofton
d. Alexander Machonochie
a. John Augustus
Which Supreme Court case provides procedural safeguards to parolees at revocation
hearings?
a. Greenholtz vs. Nebraska
b. Gagnon vs. Scarpelli
c. Mempha vs. Rhay
d. Morrissey vs. Brewer
d. Morrissey vs. Brewer
Community corrections has traditionally emphasized:
a. Deterrence
b. Incapacitation
c. Punishment
d. Rehabilitation
d. Rehabilitation