Nursing theories
Nurse's role and interventions
Epidemiology essentials
Levels of prevention
US Health system
100

This theory emphasizes an individual's ability to perform self-care and includes the sub-theories: self-care, self-care deficit, and nursing systems.

Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory

100

Name one key reason why nurses are well-positioned to drive health care reform.

Trusted relationships with communities

100

What are the three elements of the Epidemiologic Triangle?

Agent, host, environment

100

Administering childhood vaccines is an example of what level of prevention?

Primary

100

What is the difference between the public and private healthcare subsystems in the U.S.?

Public = prevention & population health; Private = curative & individual

200

In Pender’s Health Promotion Model, name two key motivational variables that influence behavior change.

Examples: Perceived self-efficacy, activity-related affect

200

What are two core community-level interventions performed by community health nurses?

Outreach, surveillance, education

200

The Web of Causation model is especially useful in studying what kind of diseases?

Chronic diseases (e.g., heart disease)

200

Mammograms and STI testing fall under which level of prevention?

Secondary

200

What government agency oversees Medicaid and Medicare?

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)

300

Milio’s Framework emphasizes the need to change what in order to improve public health outcomes?

Environmental and structural conditions (e.g., access, resources)

300

A nurse advocating for bike helmet laws is practicing which level of intervention?

Primary prevention

300

A "windshield survey" provides what kind of community health data?

Observational data about environmental and social conditions

300

Teaching insulin self-administration to a newly diagnosed diabetic is an example of what prevention level?

Tertiary

300

What type of care does Medicare Part A cover?

Inpatient hospital, home health, hospice

400

Select all that apply: Which of the following are emphasized in the Critical Social Theory approach?
A. Emancipatory nursing
B. Clinical skills
C. Addressing root causes like racism
D. Compliance-focused care
E. Promoting social justice

A, C, E

400

Select all appropriate community health nurse roles:
A. Educator
B. Politician
C. Case Manager
D. Researcher
E. Lobbyist

A, C, D

400

Define the difference between incidence and prevalence.

Incidence = new cases; Prevalence = all existing cases

400

Select all that are examples of tertiary prevention:
A. Cardiac rehab
B. Seat belt laws
C. Insulin teaching
D. Chemotherapy
E. Colonoscopy

A, C, D

400

Which populations qualify for Medicare?
A. Age 65+
B. Low-income children
C. ESRD patients
D. People with ALS
E. Pregnant women

A, C, D

500

This theory critiques the idea that individuals always act out of fear or threat and instead focuses on emotional and interpersonal influences on health behavior.

Pender’s Health Promotion Model

500

The documentary Unnatural Causes highlights what social conditions as root causes of health inequities?

Housing, income, racism, education

500

Select all examples of descriptive epidemiologic studies:
A. Case-control study
B. BRFSS
C. NHANES
D. Cohort study
E. Cross-sectional survey

B, C, E

500

Give one example of a policy-level primary prevention activity.

Helmet laws, fluoride in water, tobacco tax

500

What services are typically provided at the local level of the public health system?

Immunizations, WIC, TB control