Community Nutrition in Action
A dietitian develops a nutrition education series for families throughout an entire county rather than counseling one patient at a time. This illustrates this major focus of community nutrition.
What is improving nutrition at the population/community level?
A health department reports that 18% of adults in the county currently have diabetes. The 18% represents this measure of disease burden.
What is prevalence?
Researchers want national information about Americans' health behaviors collected through telephone surveys. This surveillance system would be a likely place to look.
What is BRFSS?
A young mom of three says, “I know I should cook more at home, but I don't think I can make healthy meals.” This belief in one's ability to perform a behavior is called this.
What is self-efficacy?
Before creating a program, a dietitian talks with residents, examines health statistics, and identifies existing community resources. This overall process is called this.
What is a community needs assessment?
A county coalition works to make healthier foods more available in neighborhood stores. This is an example of changing this rather than relying only on individual education.
What is the food environment?
Researchers want to know how many new cases of hypertension develop during a five-year period. They need this epidemiologic measure.
What is incidence?
Researchers need national information that combines interviews with physical measurements and laboratory information. This major federal survey provides those types of data.
What is NHANES?
Taylor has decided to begin packing lunch next week and has already purchased containers and groceries. Taylor is in this stage of change.
What is preparation?
Residents participate in a moderated discussion about why they do or do not use a local farmers market. This qualitative data-collection method is called this.
What is a focus group?
A program provides nutrition education to adults who already have hypertension to help prevent complications. This represents this level of prevention.
What is tertiary prevention?
Researchers survey adults once about their current food intake and current blood pressure. This type of study provides a snapshot of a population.
What is a cross-sectional study?
A dietitian wants detailed national information about what foods Americans report eating. This USDA dietary survey component would be particularly useful.
What is What We Eat in America (WWEIA)?
A student knows how to prepare healthy meals and wants to do so, but has no kitchen where they live. Using the COM-B model, this barrier fits under this domain.
What is Opportunity?
“Improve access to nutritious foods for families in Madison County” is broad and does not specify a measurable deadline. In program planning, this is most appropriately considered this.
What is a goal?
A school district changes what foods may be sold in vending machines across all of its schools. Within the Socioecological Model, this intervention occurs primarily at this level.
What is the organizational level?
Researchers begin with people who have colorectal cancer and a comparison group without it, then investigate their previous dietary exposures.
What is a case-control study?
A quick procedure identifies people who might have a nutrition problem and should receive further evaluation.
What is nutrition screening?
A nutrition intervention simultaneously teaches cooking skills, involves family members, changes cafeteria offerings, and advocates for healthier institutional policies. This reflects the central idea of this behavior-change framework.
What is the Socioecological Model?
“By the end of the eight-week program, 75% of participants will correctly plan three balanced dinners” is this type of program-planning statement.
What is a SMART objective?
A county uses a national set of measurable health objectives to decide which population health outcomes it would like to improve over the next several years.
What is Healthy People 2030?
One group has a relative risk of 1.8 compared with another group. In plain language, this means the exposed group has approximately this relationship to the outcome.
What is 1.8 times the risk?
A public health agency repeatedly collects population-level nutrition information over time so it can detect patterns and changes.
What is nutrition surveillance?
A nutrition program has already been shown to work, but only a small number of community organizations have started using it. This theory can help explain how a new program or idea spreads through a community over time.
What is Diffusion of Innovations?
A community nutritionist wants to determine whether a six-week cooking program was actually delivered as planned. She tracks attendance, number of classes delivered, and participant completion. This is this type of evaluation.
What is process evaluation?