Key Concepts
What is national identity?
A shared sense of belonging to a nation beyond legal citizenship
Civic nationalism is based on what?
Shared values and citizenship
Who apologized to Indigenous Australians in 2008?
Kevin Rudd
Which country is called a “nation of immigrants”?
USA
What is multiculturalism?
Acceptance of diverse cultures
What is an “imagined community”?
A nation where people feel connected despite not knowing each other
Ethnic nationalism is based on what?
Ancestry, culture, and heritage
Why was the apology important?
It acknowledged past injustices
What are core American values?
Freedom, democracy, individualism
What is assimilation?
Adopting the dominant culture
What does national identity influence?
How people treat immigrants, minorities, and Indigenous groups
Which type of nationalism is more inclusive?
Civic nationalism
What identity dominated historically in Australia?
White, British, Anglo culture
What policy defines Canadian identity?
Multiculturalism
Name one factor shaping national identity
Immigration policy / multiculturalism / ethnic activism
What are the four elements of national identity?
Membership, cultural boundaries, political loyalty, collective identity
In ethnic nationalism, how is membership determined?
By birth or ancestry
What change did the apology represent?
A shift to a more inclusive identity
What makes New Zealand unique?
Biculturalism (Māori and Pākehā)
What is CANZUK?
A proposed alliance of UK, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand
Who defined nations as psychological communities?
Yogeeswaran and Dasgupta
Give one feature of civic nationalism
Democracy, participation, or institutions
Who was excluded from Australian identity?
Indigenous peoples
What historical event shaped US identity?
The American Revolution
What are the advantages & challenges of multiculturalism?
Advantages: diversity, cultural richness, inclusivity
Challenges: integration issues, identity conflicts, social tensions