HDI
What does HDI stand for?
Human Development Index
Name one dimension measured by the HDI
Income, education, or life expectancy
Which index focuses specifically on gender-based inequalities?
Gender Inequality Index (GII)
Which index combines human well-being with environmental impact?
Happy Planet Index (HPI)
What three dimensions are combined to calculate the HDI?
Life expectancy, education, and GNI per capita
What does the IHDI adjust the HDI for?
Inequality in the distribution of health, education, and income
Name one indicator used in the Gender Inequality Index
Maternal mortality, female parliamentary representation, or labour force participation.
What does the Happy Planet Index measure instead of income?
Sustainable well-being (well-being per unit of environmental impact)
How does the IHDI differ from the HDI in interpretation?
IHDI shows the actual level of human development after inequality, while HDI shows potential development
Why can two countries with similar HDI values have different IHDI values?
Because inequality levels differ between the countries
Explain one reason why HDI is considered better than GDP per capita
HDI includes social indicators like health and education, not just income
Why is environmental sustainability central to the Happy Planet Index?
Because it measures how efficiently countries convert resources into well-being
Explain one limitation of the HDI as a measure of development
It does not account for income inequality within a country
Why might policymakers prefer using the IHDI over the HDI?
Because it reflects the real impact of inequality on human development
Identify one criticism of the Gender Inequality Index
It does not capture informal work or unpaid domestic labour
Why may the Happy Planet Index undervalue high-income countries?
Because high consumption increases ecological footprint, lowering the score
Evaluate the usefulness of HDI for comparing living standards between countries
HDI is useful for broad comparisons but ignores inequality, sustainability, and informal economic activity
To what extent does the IHDI provide a more accurate picture of development than HDI?
It is more accurate as it adjusts for inequality, but still omits environmental and gender factors
Discuss one reason why GII is important for development policy
Gender inequality limits human capital and reduces long-term economic growth
Assess whether the Happy Planet Index is a reliable indicator of economic development
It is useful for sustainability analysis but limited for income and productivity comparisons