Waves of Change
The decade that saw 600,000 immigrants arrive in the United States.
When is the 1830s
The approximate daily wage for men in factories during this period.
What is 50 cents
Early labor unions aimed to do this for workers facing abuse.
Unite
This was the name of one of the early labor organizations.
Who is the Knights of Labor
The primary economic basis of the Southern states during this time.
What is Agriculture
The total number of immigrants estimated to have arrived in the U.S. between 1840 and 1860.
What is 4.2 million
The typical length, in hours, of a workday for factory workers.
What is 12 to 14 hours
Name one of the three main goals of early labor unions.
What is better wages/Safer working conditions
This individual is identified as a leader within the Knights of Labor.
Who is Terrance V. Powderly
The climate in this region of the U.S. was not conducive to year-round farming.
What is The Northern region
By 1860, this fraction represents the number of people living in the U.S. who were born in another country.
What is 1 out of every 8
Name one common unsafe working condition found in many factories.
What is poor ventilation or deadly machines
This is a tactic used by labor unions to pressure management to meet their demands.
What is Job Action
This individual is identified as a leader within the American Federation of Labor.
Who is Samuel Gompers
This term describes the shift of population from rural areas to cities in the North.
What is Urban
This term describes the fear or hatred of foreigners that increased with the surge in immigration.
What is Xenophobia
This is the length of the national workday today.
8 hours
This job action involves workers refusing to work until their demands are met and was often the first action taken by early unions.
Strike
This term refers to people born in the United States who were opposed to immigrants.
Who are Nativists
This term describes an economy based on the production and transportation of manufactured goods, which developed in the North.
What is the Factory System
This created a large supply of workers due to the influx of immigrants seeking a better life and work.
A vast labor pool
According to some Southern perspectives, factory workers were viewed as this due to the ease of replacement.
Replaceable parts of the machine
For a strike to be successful, workers must be united, and this must be prevented from entering the workplace by "any means necessary."
What is replacement workers
This was another name for the Industrial Workers of the World.
Who are the Wobblies
Many Southerners believed this system in the North was worse than slavery because slaves were seen as valuable property.
What is the new factory system