operating systems
What is the main difference between a process and a thread?
A process is an independent program in execution with its own memory space, while a thread is a smaller unit of a process that shares the same memory space.
What is the principle of least privilege?
The principle of least privilege states that users and programs should only have the minimum level of access necessary to perform their tasks.
What is the first step in the troubleshooting process?
The first step is to identify the problem by gathering information and understanding the symptoms.
What is the purpose of a change management process?
The change management process ensures that all changes to IT systems are planned, tested, and documented to minimize disruption and maintain system integrity.
What is the purpose of the sfc /scannow command in Windows?
The sfc /scannow command scans all protected system files and replaces corrupted files with a cached copy.
What is virtual memory?
Virtual memory is a memory management technique that uses a portion of the hard drive as an extension of RAM, allowing more processes to run simultaneously than the physical RAM would allow.
What is a man-in-the-middle attack?
A man-in-the-middle attack occurs when an attacker intercepts and possibly alters the communication between two parties without their knowledge.
How can you resolve a software application that is not responding?
You can try to force close the application using Task Manager and then restart it. If the problem persists, check for updates or reinstall the application.
What is the importance of documentation in IT operations?
Documentation provides a record of system configurations, procedures, and troubleshooting steps, which helps in maintaining consistency, training new staff, and resolving issues efficiently.
What is the difference between a differential backup and an incremental backup?
A differential backup copies all changes made since the last full backup, while an incremental backup copies only the changes made since the last backup of any type.
How can you access the System Configuration utility in Windows?
You can access the System Configuration utility by typing msconfig in the Run dialog box (Win + R).
What is a zero-day vulnerability?
A zero-day vulnerability is a software flaw that is unknown to the vendor and has no patch available, making it susceptible to exploitation by attackers.
Which Control Panel utility should be used to display the full contents of system folders in Windows 10?
file explorer options
What is the purpose of the Windows Event Viewer?
The Windows Event Viewer allows users to view and manage event logs, which can help in diagnosing system and application issues.
What is a BSOD and what typically causes it?
A BSOD (Blue Screen of Death) is a stop error screen displayed on a Windows computer after a fatal system error, often caused by hardware failures, driver issues, or software conflicts.
What is the difference between a clean installation and an upgrade installation of an operating system?
What is the purpose of encryption?
Encryption is the process of converting data into a coded format to prevent unauthorized access.
How can you resolve a software application that is not responding?
Force close the application and restart it.
How can you access the Advanced Boot Options menu in Windows?
What is the role of a hypervisor in virtualization?
A hypervisor is software that creates and manages virtual machines by allocating hardware resources to them.
What is the function of the Windows Registry?
The Windows Registry is a hierarchical database that stores configuration settings and options for the operating system and installed applications.
What is the difference between a virus and a worm?
A virus attaches itself to a legitimate program or file and requires user action to spread, while a worm is a standalone malware that replicates itself and spreads without user intervention.
What should you do if a software update fails to install?
Check for error messages and retry the update after resolving any issues.
What is the purpose of following standard operating procedures (SOPs) in IT?
To ensure consistency and quality.
Why is regular training important for IT staff?
To keep skills and knowledge up to date.