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Computer Basics
Algorithms
Scratch
Object-Oriented Vocabulary
Jeroo
100
Give an example of an input device
Anything that puts information into the computer (mouse, keyboard, scanner, touch screen, camera, etc)
100
True or False: There is usually only one correct algorithm for each computer problem.
False
100
What are the characters in Scratch called?
Sprites
100
What is a method?
Action that an object can perform
100
List 3 methods in Jeroo.
hop(), pick(), plant(), toss(), turn(), isJeroo(), isFlower(), etc
200
List an example of an operating system and an example of an application software.
Operating system would be Windows 7/8/10, Mac OSX; Application software would be any software you open and run on the computer (MS Office, Adobe, a video game, etc)
200
What is an algorithm?
Series of steps a computer must follow to accomplish a task
200
What are variables used for in Scratch?
To store and change values as your code runs
200
What is a Boolean?
Data type that returns either true or false
200
What form of punctuation do all methods have after them?
( )
300
How are high-order programming languages different from machine code?
High order more closely resembles English (such as Java), whereas machine code is binary (100100110101)
300
What is the difference between linear and binary searching algorithms?
Linear - check each one, one by one. Binary - sort the list, then split the list in half and determine if your target value is in the top or bottom half of the list. Eliminate the half it won't be found in. Repeat until the target is found.
300
What is the output?

set a to 3
if a > 5 then
{
say abc
}
say def
def
300
How are objects and classes related?
Objects are members of a class; in other words, objects are one instance of a class
300
Write the constructor for a Jeroo named energy that begins in the 5th row and the 8th column, holding 6 flowers, and facing south.
Jeroo energy = new Jeroo(4,7,SOUTH,6);
400
What is the difference between primary and secondary storage?
You cannot choose to save to primary storage (RAM, ROM), whereas you choose to save to secondary storage (hard-drive, flash drive, etc)
400
Describe one of the following sorting algorithms: bubble, selection, insertion.
Selection - search through the list for the smallest value; remove and add to your sorted list; repeat for each value Insertion - insert value in the correct spot in relation to other values Bubble - values swap places until all values are in the correct order
400
What is the list generated by this code?

set a to 4
set b to 1
repeat until a > 30
add a to list
change a by b
change b by 1
[4 5 7 10 14 19 25 32]
400
What are conjunction, disjunction, and negation?
&&, ||, and ! statements
400
Write an IF statement that will make a Jeroo turn left if water is ahead.
if (isWater(AHEAD))
{
turn(LEFT);
}
500
Solid state drives make accessing memory and loading programs much faster due to their lack of moving parts, but what is a drawback to using SSDs?
Much more expensive, smaller memory capacities (typically), cannot constantly save to them
500
Develop an algorithm for determining if a number is prime or composite.
1) enter the number
2) using a loop that starts at 0, count up the number
3) each time the program loops, check if the loop number is a factor of the inputted number
4) if it is a factor, increase a counter by 1
5) at the end of the loop, check if the counter is greater than 2
6) if the counter is greater than 2, the number is composite, otherwise it is prime.
500
In Scratch, write the code to determine if a number is odd or even
if number mod 2 = 1
number is odd
else
number is even
500
What is the difference between a constructor and object instantiation?
Constructor is just the last part of an instantiation line. (ie, Jeroo(6,5,WEST,500)
500
What is the proper format for placing an IF statement inside of a while loop?
while (conditionA)
{
if (condition B)
{
//statements
}
}