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Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
100
What is the Aristotelian definition of rhetoric?
Rhetoric is the power of discovering the means of persuasion in any given situation
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What is the difference between objectivity and subjectivity?
-Objective: detached, impartial, factual -Subjective: personal, opinionated, interpretative
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What does it mean to say that rhetoric is "situated?"
Rhetorical discourse derives its meaning from the situation in which it is created (i.e. rhetorical meaning is brought about by pre-existing events)
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Genre criticism falls into four broad areas. What are they?
Situational, Purpose, Rhetors, Medium
100
The term criticism stems from the Greek root kris, meaning what?
Judgment
200
Capitalism, communism, socialism, fascism, and Marxism are all examples of what?
Ideologies
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Define etic and emic orientations
-Etic: approaches a rhetorical transaction from outside of that transaction and interprets the transaction in terms of pre-existing history . . . Allows for a fuller development of rhetorical theory -Emic: approaches a rhetorical transaction in what is hoped to be its own terms without conscious expectations drawn from any sources other than the rhetorical transaction itself . . . Allows for a more nuanced description
200
What is the difference between an audience and a public?
-Audience: group of people who have the power to modify the exigence -Public: community of persons who share values,interests, and outlooks that form around specific ideas, policies, and proposals -Publics are more fluid and can form, disband, and re-form in different configurations
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What does it mean to say that genre criticism takes a deductive approach?
It begins with a genre that has already been described and then applies the characteristics of that genre to another instance in order to explain or evaluate it
200
Provide an objective and subjective claim about the topic of OU fraternity and sorority life
-Objective: 25% of the OU population is Greek; there are 31 different fraternities and sororities on campus; etc. -Subjective: Everyone should join Greek life because ... ; Greek life is a harmful aspect of college campuses because ...
300
IN YOUR OWN WORDS, explain Kenneth Burke's definition of identification
-An appeal to commonalities between parties -Can be related to beliefs, values, experiences, goals, etc. -Relies on notions of 'us' and 'we'
300
What are the three stages in a critical act AND define each
-Conceptual: takes place in the mind of the critic with the purpose of generating some type of insight concerning the rhetorical artifact (private) -Communication: discussing ideas and writing out the criticism in preparation for sharing it with others (semi-private) -Countercommunication: critic openly shares insights with others (public)
300
Donald Trump previously declared that we need to build a wall between the United States and Mexico. In this example, apply Bitzer’s concept of the rhetorical situation to identify and explain the exigency, audience, and constraints
ACCORDING TO TRUMP... -Exigency: increasing number of undocumented immigrants in the United States -Audience: American voting citizens (to elect him President); members of Congress (to pass the initiative); Mexican government (to fund the construction) -Constraints: opposing political ideologies; monetary and budget restrictions
300
What are the three steps of genre criticism?
1. Identify the defining characteristics 2. Carefully scrutinize examples of the possible genre to identify similarities 3. Explain the observed similarities in terms of identifying characteristics
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What is Black’s stance on objectivity and politics in criticism?
The method of rhetorical criticism should contain both objective and subjective elements