Free Speech Cases
This 1918 amendment to the Espionage Act expanded restrictions by criminalizing any speech or expression critical of the government, military, or flag during wartime.
What is the Sedition Act?
In this 1905 case, the Supreme Court struck down a New York law limiting bakers' working hours, citing freedom of contract.
What is Lochner v. New York?
Who is the current Chief Justice of SCOTUS?
Who is Justice John Roberts?
This amendment repealed prohibition
What is the 21st Amendment?
The great Dissenter
Who is Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes?
In Schenck v. United States (1919), this famous test was introduced to determine whether speech could be limited if it posed a significant threat to national security.
What is the "clear and present danger" test?
The Lochner Era began to decline after this 1937 case, in which the Court upheld a Washington state minimum wage law for women, marking a shift toward
What is West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish?
In FDRs Court packing plan, he stated he would add ____ new justice for each current justice over the age of _____.
What is one additional justice for each current justice over the age of 70.
The 19th Amendment did this...
What is gave all citizens the right to vote?
Only justice who has held office as both President of the USA and Chief Justice
Who is WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT?
In this 1927 case, the Court upheld the conviction of this defendant for her involvement with the Communist Labor Party, arguing her speech had the potential to incite violence because it had a bad tendency.
What is Whitney v. California?
This legal doctrine, emphasized during the Lochner Era, prioritized individual rights to negotiate employment terms without government interference.
What is "freedom/liberty of contract"?
The Supreme Court's decision in United States v. E.C. Knight Co. limited federal power under the Commerce Clause, ruling that this activity was considered a local matter not subject to federal regulation.
What is manufacturing?
This Amendment applies to the federal government : "No person shall be...deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law."
What is the 5th Amendment?
This justice created a type of brief that used empirical evidence and social research in legal arguments.
Who is Justice Louis Brandeis
In Gitlow v. New York (1925), the Court ruled that First Amendment free speech protections apply to the states through this amendment’s Due Process Clause.
What is the 14th Amendment?
In Adkins v. Children's Hospital (1923), the Court struck down this type of law aimed at protecting women workers, citing freedom of contract.
What is a minimum wage law?
This 1937 case upheld the National Labor Relations Act, affirming Congress’s power to regulate labor relations affecting interstate commerce.
What is NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp.?
The 20th Amendment changed the beginning and ending times for presidential and congressional terms from _______ to _______.
What is from March 4th to January 20th?
A group of conservative justices who consistently opposed New Deal legislation.
Who are the four horsemen?
This term refers to the intense fear of communism and radical political ideologies that swept through the United States in the early 20th century, leading to widespread investigations and arrests.
What is the Red Scare?
This term refers to the Supreme Court’s tendency during the Lochner Era to invalidate economic regulations as violations of economic liberty.
What is "substantive due process"?
This amendment, ratified in 1913, overturned the Supreme Court’s decision in Pollock v. Farmers’ Loan & Trust Co., granting Congress the power to levy income taxes without apportionment.
What is the 16th amendment?
Name this Amendment: “After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.”
What is the 18th Amendment?
Justice that made "The switch in time that saved nine" possible when he changed his position on New Deal legislation.
Who is Justice Owen Roberts?