Concentration and Solubility
The simplest way to change the concentration would be to change the amount of solute or solvent in the solution.
How is concentration changed?
To determine the concentration of a solution, compare the amount of solute to the total amount of solution. You can report concentration as the percent of solute in solution by volume or mass.
How do you calculate concentration?
To increase the carbon dioxide concentration in soda water, the gas is added to the liquid under high pressure.
What happens to a liquid under high pressure?
A dilute solution is a mixture that has only a little solute dissolved in a certain amount of solvent.
What is a dilute solution?
Solubility is a measure of how much solute can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature.
What is solubility?
Liquids and solids exhibit practically no change of solubility with changes in pressure. Gases as might be expected, increase in solubility with an increase in pressure.The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of that gas above the surface of the solution.
A concentrated solution is a mixture that has a lot of solute dissolved in the solvent.
What is a concentrated solution?
There are two direct factors that affect solubility: temperature and pressure. Temperature affects the solubility of both solids and gases, but pressure only affects the solubility of gases.
What factors affect solubility?
Scuba divers must be aware of the effects of pressure on gases if they want to avoid decompression sickness.
Why are scuba divers aware of pressure underwater?
The sap of a maple tree and maple syrup differ in their concentrations.That is, they differ in the amount of solute dissolved in a certain amount of solvent (water).
How is a sap of a maple tree and maple syrup different?
A saturated solution is a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that is capable of being dissolved.
What is a saturated solution?
Oil and water separate because water is a polar compound and oil is nonpolar. Some polar and nonpolar compounds do not mix very well.
Why can't you make a solution with nonpolar and polar compounds?
Water is removed from the dilute sap to make the more concentrated syrup.
How is sap turned into syrup?
If more solute is added and it does not dissolve, then the original solution was saturated. If the added solute dissolves, then the original solution was unsaturated.
What happens if you add more solute in a solution?
Unlike most solids,gases become less soluble when the temperature goes up. For example, more carbon dioxide can dissolve in cold water than in hot water.
What is an example of temperature?