Motion
This describes the car's acceleration because it describes a change in the car's speed.
Summarize Newton's first law of motion.
An object in motion (or at rest) will stay in motion (or remain at rest) unless acted upon by another force.
1.) What is the net force on this object?
2.) Is this object in mechanical equilibrium? Explain.
1.) 0 N
2.) This object is in mechanical equilibrium because it has a net force of zero.
How do you determine the mass of an object (without using math)?
Weigh it on a scale.
Explain why, if wearing the right kind of socks, a person can usually slide more easily on a tile floor than on carpet.
The tile floor has less surface area and is smoother. This will lead to less contact between the floor and the socks, and thus less friction.
A car is travels 60 km south over a time period of 30 min. Does this describe the car's speed, velocity, or acceleration? Explain.
This describes the car's velocity because it contains information about the car's speed and direction.
Summarize Newton's third law of motion.
Complete the sentence below:
An object that has a higher mass will have a ________________ gravitational pull than an object with a lower mass.
larger
What are two ways to determine the volume of an object (if you don't know mass or density)?
-See how much water the object displaces
-If possible, measure and multiply its length by its width by its height
An object launched out of earth's orbit will continue to follow a straight path indefinitely, even with no engine, unless acted upon by another force.
Identify the property of the object that keeps this object moving forward.
Inertia
A car moves 50 km in 10 min.
1.) Does this describe the car's speed, velocity, or acceleration? Explain.
2.) Calculate the speed, velocity, or acceleration of the car.
1.) Speed because it describes how far the car went over a certain period of time.
2.) 5 km/min
Summarize Newton's second law of motion.
As force increases, the acceleration of an object will increase. As the mass of an object increases, the acceleration of the object will decrease.
Complete the sentence below:
An object that is closer to another object will have a ________________ gravitational pull than an object that is farther away.
higher
5 g/mL
Describe the main difference between Galileo's approach to understanding motion and Aristotle's approach to understanding motion.
Galileo experimented with objects and tried to answer "How?" objects moved. Aristotle thought about nature and tried to answer "Why?" objects move.
1.) What is terminal velocity?
2.) At what point in an object's fall will terminal velocity be reached?
1.) The maximum velocity an object will reach in a fall.
2.) When the upward force of air resistance is equal to the downward force of gravity.
When you shoot a gun, it recoils in response to the bullet being projected forward.
To which law of motion does this situation most relate? Explain.
This situation most relates to Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action there is an equal but opposite reaction. In the situation, the forward force of the bullet leaving the gun results in the opposite reaction of the gun moving backward.
Explain why falling onto a bed doesn't hurt as much as falling onto a sidewalk.
Will an object with a density of 2.0 g/mL float in salt water, which has a density of 1.2 g/mL? Explain.
The object will not float because it has a higher density than the salt water.
What is the relationship between the slope of a line and the speed of an object?
As the speed of an object increases, the slope of the line increases.
20 minutes into a flight, a pilot looks down and sees the plane is currently traveling at a speed of 800 km/h.
Does this describe the plane's average speed or instantaneous speed? Explain.
This describes the plane's instantaneous speed because it is a measurement of the speed of the plane at a specific moment in the trip, rather than the total time it took to go a total distance.
Heavier furniture is more difficult to move than lighter furniture.
To which law of motion does this most relate? Explain.
This situation most relates to Newton's second law of motion, which states that as the mass of an object increases, the acceleration will decrease and that the more force that is applied, the more acceleration will occur. This means that the more massive pieces of furniture will require more force to accelerate.
Momentum is conserved within a system because the collision is internal, meaning that momentum is transferred between the objects in the system, so the overall momentum of the system will be maintained. If there is an external force exerted on the system, then momentum will not be conserved.
Explain why objects are easier to lift underwater.
The bottom of an object is deeper in the water than the top. This means the bottom of the object will experience more pressure, and there will be a relatively large upward force exerted on the object. This upward force, called buoyant force, will result in an added force that opposes gravity, making the object easier to lift in water.
Explain how Newton contributed to our current understanding of motion.
Newton developed the three laws of motion and showed how these laws could be supported mathematically.