Cranial Nerves
The nerve responsible for smelling
What is the olfactory nerve
The mechanism responsible for the majority of paralysis in football
What is axial load
The ringing in your ears when getting your “bell rung”
What is tinnitus
The most commonly fractured bone of the face
What is the nasal bone
Bilaterally, this muscle flexes the neck
What is the sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
Besides concussion or head/face injury, this is another scenario to assess cranial nerves
What is injury to the shoulder or neck area
Narrowing of the space through which the spinal cord pass
What is cervical stenosis
Occurs when athlete is allowed to return to activity before all signs of concussion have resolved, and the athlete sustains another head injury
What is second impact syndrome
Blood in the anterior chamber of the eye
What is hyphema
This muscle bilaterally elevates the ribs during inhalation
What are the scalenes
The nerve responsible for pupil constriction/dilation
What is oculomotor
Occurs with violent flexion and rotation
What is cervical dislocation
What does PERRLA stand for?
What is pupils are equally round and reacting to light accomodation
Caused by compression or shear force to the ear
What is auricular hematoma or cauliflower ear
Bilaterally, these 2 muscles extend the neck
What are the splenius capitus and splenius cervicis
The “test taking nerve”
What is the abducens
Occurs with axial load and some degree of flexion
What is cervical fracture
Rapid alternating movement of eyes
What is nystagmus
Caused by compression or lateral trauma to the nose
What is a deviated septum
The strongest muscle in the body, this muscle elevates the mandible
What is the masseter
The test used to assess balance
What is Romberg's test
The 5 types of range of motion in the cervical spine
What are flexion, extension, lateral flexion, rotation, and circumduction
Loss of memory before the injury
What is retrograde amnesia
The medical term for a nose bleed
What is epistaxis
These 2 neck muscles unilaterally produce lateral flexion of the neck to ipsilateral side and rotation to contralateral side
What are the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and scalenes