Structure
How is the 0 conditional formed and when used?
IF + present simple, present simple
Used: with facts
If you _________ (not/water) plants, they die.
If you DON'T WATER (not/water) plants, they die.
If she ____ (study) hard tonight, she ____ (pass) the test tomorrow.
If she STUDIES (study) hard tonight, she WILL PASS (pass) the test tomorrow.
He would go to the cinema IF...
(Condition: He has no money, but he wants to go.)
He would go to the cinema IF HE HAD MONEY.
If it will rain, we will stay home.
If it RAINS, we will stay home.
How is the 1 conditional formed and when used?
IF + present simple, will + verb
Used: with real future possibilities
I _______ (not/do) that if I were you.
I WOULDN'T DO (not/do) that if I were you.
I ________ (be) much happier if I ________ (not/be) so busy with work this week.
I WOULD BE (be) much happier if I WEREN'T (not/be) so busy with work this week.
I will call you IF...
(Condition: There is a good chance I'll find my phone)
I will call you IF I FIND MY PHONE.
If I was you, I would study more.
If I WERE you, I would study more.
How is the 2nd conditional formed and when used?
IF + past simple , would + verb
Used: unreal, imaginary future
If it _______(be) sunny tomorrow, I won't take my umbrella.
If it IS (be) sunny tomorrow, I won't take my umbrella.
If I ____ (know) it was your birthday yesterday, I ____ (buy) you a gift.
If I HAD KNOWN (know) it was your birthday yesterday, I WOULD HAVE BOUGHT (buy) you a gift.
There is drought in summer IF...
(Condition: there is no rain for a long time)
There is drought in summer IF IT DOESN'T RAIN for a long time.
If she had invited me, I would go to the party yesterday.
If she had invited me, I would HAVE GONE to the party yesterday.
How is the 3rd conditional formed and when used?
IF + past perfect , would have + 3rd/-ed
Used: regret of the past, imagining the past
If she had studied, she _______ (not/fail) the exam.
If she had studied, she WOULDN'T HAVE FAILED (not/fail) the exam.
They _____ (not/feel) sick now if they _____ (not/eat) all that chocolate earlier.
They WOULDN'T HAVE FELT (not/feel) sick now if they HADN'T EATEN (not/eat) all that chocolate earlier.
He would go camping at the weekend IF...
(Condition: He has to work every weekend)
He would go camping at the weekend IFHE DIDN'T HAVE TO WORK.
If you told me, I would have helped.
If you HAD told me, I would have helped.
In which conditional type can the past of the verb 'be' be used as 'were' for all pronouns?
2nd conditional: e.g., 'If I were', 'If she were'
We would have finished all the questions if we ____(have) more time during the exam.
We would have finished all the questions if we HAD HAD (have) more time during the exam.
If she ____ (not eat) all that chocolate, she _____ (not feel) sick later today.
If she DOESN'T EAT (not eat) all that chocolate, she WON'T FEEL (not feel) sick later today.
I wouldn't have been lost IF...
(Condition: I forgot to bring a map when I left the house)
I wouldn't be lost IF I HADN'T FORGOTTEN TO BRING A MAP.
I would be happy if you don't leave because I’m not ready to say goodbye yet.
I would be happy if you DIDN'T leave because I’m not ready to say goodbye yet