Second Conditional
If I __________ (win) the lottery, I would travel around the world.
won
If it __________ (rain) tomorrow, I will bring an umbrella.
rains
If she had studied harder, she __________ (pass) the exam.
would have passed
If I hadn’t missed the bus, I __________ (be) on time now.
would be
This mixed conditional shows how an event in the past (missing the bus) is affecting the present (not being on time).
If I will see her, I will tell her the news.
If I see her, I will tell her the news.
Explanation: In the first conditional, we use the present simple in the if-clause, not "will."
If she __________ (be) taller, she could become a model.
were
If she studies hard, she __________ (pass) the exam.
will pass
If I __________ (know) about the party, I would have gone.
had known
If she were more responsible, she __________ (finish) the project last week.
would have finished
This mixed conditional shows how a current trait or state (being responsible) would have affected the past (completing the project).
If he would study more, he could pass the test.
If he studied more, he could pass the test.
Explanation: Second conditional uses the past simple in the if-clause for hypothetical situations.
If they had more money, they __________ (buy) a bigger house.
would buy
If you __________ (call) me later, I will explain everything.
call
If they had invited us, we __________ (come).
would have come
If we had planned better, we __________ (not be) in this situation now.
wouldn’t be
This mixed conditional shows how a past event (not planning properly) affects the present situation (being in trouble now).
If I knew the answer, I will tell you.
If I knew the answer, I would tell you.
Explanation: Use "would" in the result clause for hypothetical conditions.
If we __________ (know) the answer, we would tell you.
knew
I __________ (help) you if I have time tomorrow.
will help
He __________ (not miss) the bus if he had left earlier.
wouldn’t have missed
If they __________ (save) more money in the past, they would be able to travel now.
had saved
This mixed conditional shows how a past action (saving money) would have impacted the present (being able to afford travel).
If they would have left earlier, they would have arrived on time.
If they had left earlier, they would have arrived on time.
Explanation: Use "had" in the if-clause for third conditional sentences to express a hypothetical past situation.
If you __________ (can) change one thing in your life, what would it be?
could
If we leave now, we __________ (catch) the train.
will catch
If you __________ (listen) to me, we wouldn’t have had this problem.
had listened
If I __________ (not take) that job, I wouldn’t have the career I do now.
hadn’t taken
This mixed conditional shows how a decision made in the past (taking the job) has led to a present reality (having a successful career).
I could help you if I will have time later.
I could help you if I have time later.
Explanation: Use the present simple (have) in the if-clause for real future possibilities.