Zero Conditional/Present Real
What is the structure for zero conditional?
If condition/clause (present simple)
main clause/result (present simple)
What is the structure for first conditional?
If clause/condition (present)
Main clause/result (be going to/modal + base form of verb)
What is the structure for 2nd Conditional?
If clause/condition (past)
Main clause/result (modal + base form of verb)
If a company has good leadership, it will attract a strong workforce.
1st conditional - future real
Roadsides can look terrible (unless/only if) they are kept clean.
unless
When is the zero conditional used?
to describe general truths, habits, routines, and scientific facts
When is first conditional used?
To state a possible future situation or condition and the likely result
For predictions
When is the second conditional used?
to describe situations that are not true (imaginary) and to give results of those situations if they were true
If I get a raise, I can take my family on vacation to Hawaii.
1st - future real
Volunteers can have a big impact (even if/only if) they give a small portion of their time.
even if
True or False - The zero conditional is used for certainty.
True - the zero conditional is used for 100% certainty. It is always true.
The modal will is used to indicate
absolute certainty
Which modal is most commonly used in second conditionals?
would
If the company gave more money to charity, they would help more people in need.
2nd
Only if more companies donate to charities (will people receive/ people will receive) the assistance they need.
will people receive
When an if clause comes first in a sentence, you must use a ______________ to separate the clauses.
comma
The modals can/could are used to indicate
possibility
What other modals are used in second conditionals?
might and could
Companies help many people if they donate money to charities.
zero
(Only if/ Unless) enough people volunteer can these programs stay strong and effective.
Only if
Conditionals are often used to express cause and __________ relationships in academic writing.
effect
The modal should is used to indicate
The modals may/might are used to indicate
strong possibility
uncertainty
Can second conditional statements ever be possible in the present or future?
yes - about a 10% probability
If your company spent more money on advertising, they might get more business.
2nd
(Even if/ unless) people start volunteering more to help people in need, there will still be many social problems in society.
Even if