A
New learning interferes with old learning. Forgetting may be due to decay, a failure to reinstate the context of initial learning, or interference
retroactive interference
a substance that blocks or inhibits the function of a neurotransmitter in the brain.
antagonist
A type of memory loss that occurs when you can't form new memories. Damage to the hippocampus
anterograde amnesia
This system slows down our heart rate and breathing rate, and reduces our blood pressure.
parasympathetic nervous system
Ways of analyzing data that allow the researcher to make conclusions about whether a hypothesis was supported by the results
inferential statistics
grammar
syntax
a method of learning that uses rewards and punishment to modify behavior.
operant conditioning
Persuasion technique by making large request that the respondent will most likely turn down then follow by small request.
door in the face
Treatment or process that diminishes emotional responsiveness to a negative or aversive stimulus after repeated exposure.
desensitization
The tendency for people to over-emphasize dispositional or personality-based explanations for behaviors observed in others while under-emphasizing situational explanations
fundamental attribution error
The process of growing accustomed to a situation or stimulus.
habituation
Cognitive bias where individuals attribute their successes to internal factors like talent or effort, while blaming external factors like luck or other people for their failures. This bias serves to maintain self-esteem and protect one’s ego.
self-serving bias
test or question measure what it is supposed to measure
Content validity
An expectation or belief that can influence your behaviors, thus causing the belief to come true.
self fulfilling prophecy
Adjust and modify our cognitive schemas to incorporate new information and experiences.
Accommodation
Behavioral therapy technique to reduce unwanted behavior. It pairs the stimulus that can cause deviant behavior.
aversive conditioning
The minimum required difference between two stimuli for a person to notice change 50% of the time
Difference threshold / JND
Type of long-term memory that involves storing and recalling information that you do not consciously think about
implicit memories
Use of mental shortcuts to arrive at decisions.
heuristics
Controls the ability to understand the meaning of words
Wernicke's area
Attributing outcomes to such things as luck, fate, or chance. (External factors)
external locus of control
When someone is motivated by personal desires
intrinsic motivation
Reflected in a person's general knowledge, vocabulary, and reasoning based on acquired information as they aged
crystallized intelligence
medication used to treat certain mental health problems, such as: mania and bipolar
Lithium
People who are ambitious, rigidly, highly status-conscious, impatient, anxious, concerned with time management.
Type A personality