Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
What are 3 complications a child with FAS may have?
Shorter height, lower body weight, coordination/balance, ADHD, behavioral problems, memory, learning disabilities, difficulty in school, smaller head/brain size, speech/language delays, ID/low IQ, reasoning/judgement, sleep/sucking problems as an infant, vision/hearing, heart/kidneys/bones
What are 3 signs/symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis?
ID must be diagnosed before the age of...
18
What are 3 risk factors to develop cleft lip/palate?
Mother smokes/drinks alcohol during pregnancy, mother diagnosed with diabetes before pregnancy, mother takes certain medications, changes in child's genes
What are 3 physical features associated with Fragile X Syndrome?
Long narrow face, large ears, prominent jaw/forehead, flexible fingers, flat feet
True or false: Having only one drink during pregnancy does not cause FAS.
False: There is no safe amount of alcohol during pregnancy. FAS can be caused by one or more drinks.
When the wall between the ventricles of the heart does not fully close, this is known as...
Ventricular Septal Defect
What are 3 environmental factors that may cause ID?
Injuries at birth, perinatal hypoxia, mother has herpes simplex II, physical abuse during childhood, early severe psychosocial deprivation
What are 3 signs/symptoms of cleft lip/palate?
Impaired suck/swallow, poor nutrition intake, speech, growth/development, facial appearance, self-esteem/confidence, difficulty breathing, hearing/ear infections, dental problems
What is the main risk factor for developing Down Syndrome?
Increased maternal age (35+)
What are 3 facial characteristics of a child who has FAS?
Low nasal bridge, short nose, smaller head circumference, small eye opening, small mid face, thin upper lip, epicanthal folds, smooth philtrum
Name a medical or non-medical intervention that can be used to help Cystic Fibrosis
Specialized care, airway clearance, inhaled medications, pancreatic enzyme supplements, fitness plan
A child who may not be able to read/write, needs supervision for safety and self-care, but may use self help and routines has what level of ID?
Severe
What are 3 interventions that can be used to help with/treat cleft lip/palate?
OT, speech therapy, orthodontic care, surgical repair, support groups for parents
What are 3 other common conditions associated with Fragile X Syndrome?
ADD/ADHD, Autism, seizures, anxiety, depression, OCD, IDD
What is the umbrella term that FAS falls under?
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD)
What is a treatment for Patent Ductus Arteriosus?
Catheterization or medications to close the ductus arteriosus
What is a sign/symptom of ID?
Impaired adaptive skills, low intellectual functioning, comorbid mental illness, impaired speech
How many weeks gestation do cleft lip and cleft palate typically occur?
Cleft lip = 4-7 weeks; Cleft palate (6-19 weeks)
What are 3 other complications associated with Down Syndrome?
Hearing loss, obstructive sleep apnea, ear infections, eye diseases, heart defects, obesity, increased risk for Leukemia and dementia
Name 3 specific occupations that may be impacted by FAS.
ADLs (swallowing/eating, functional mobility, hygiene); IADLs (care of others, communication management, meal prep); rest/sleep (hyperactivity); play/leisure (attention, vision); work (difficulty keeping jobs); education (attention, math, cognition, ID); social participation (act out in inappropriate ways, speech problems);
What is the name of the gene that is mutated in Cystic Fibrosis?
Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene
Name 3 specific occupations that may be affected by ID
ADLs/IADLs (delayed milestones, financial management, self-care); social participation (speech, isolation/discrimination); work/education (can learn up to 3rd or 6th grade level, limited job opportunities, reasoning, problem-solving)
Name 3 specific occupations that may be impacted by cleft lip/palate
ADLs (eating/swallowing, suck/swallow, feeding, hygiene - brushing teeth); rest/sleep (difficulty breathing); social participation (isolation/discrimination, difficulty speaking)
What is a test that can be used to screen for Down Syndrome in the first trimester?
Amniocentesis or chorionic villi sampling