Cardiac Basics
The normal heart rate range for a newborn
What is 120 - 160 beats per minute?
This condition is the most common cyanotic heart defect.
What is tetralogy of fallot?
This common acyanotic defect results in a 'machinery' murmur.
What is patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)?
An newborn with cyanosis that does not improve with oxygen may have this type of defect.
What is a cyanotic congenital heart defect?
This position improves oxygenation in cyanotic infants.
What is a knee-chest position?
This structue allows blood to bypass the lungs in fetal circulation.
What is the ductus arteriosus?
Name oone of the four defects seen in Tetralogy of Fallot.
What is pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, overriding aorta, or VSD (ventricular septal defect)?
Acyanotic defects usually cause this tyype of shunting.
What is left-to-right shunting?
Poor feeing, sweating, and failure to thrive are signs of this condition.
What is heart failure?
Infants with CHD often requie this type of nutritional support.
What is high-calorie formula or gavage feeding?
The foramen ovale allows blood to flow between these two heart chambers.
What are the right and left atria?
In this defect, the aorta and pulmonary artery are switched.
What is transposition of the great arteries?
A ventricular septal defect (VSD) causes increased blood flow to this organ.
What are the lungs?
This skin finding is common in infants with chronic hypoxemia.
What are clubbed fingers or toes?
What should the nurse monitor closely after cardiac surgery in a newborn?
What is oxygen saturation, vital signs, and fluid balance?
These are common signs of congential heart disease or defect in a newborn.
What is cyanosis or poor feeding?
Other acceptable answers - fatigue or tachypnea
Cyanosis is often worse during feeding or crying in this condition.
What is Tetralogy of Fallot (due to tet spells)?
This defect involves narrowing of the aorta.
What is coarctation of the aorta?
This symptom may indicate decreased cardiac output.
What is weak peripheral pulses or hypotension?
This medication streghtens heart contractions in CHF.
What is digoxin?
This diagnostic tool uses sound waves to visualize heart structure and function.
What is an echocardiogram?
This emergency medication keeps the ductus arteriosus open in ductal-dependent defects.
What is prostaglandin E1?
Infants with large VSDs may develop symptoms of this condition.
What is congestive heart failure (CHF)?
Hepatomegaly in an infant may be a sign of what cardiac complication?
What is right-sided heart failure?
Name one nursing priority when caring for a newborn with a cyanotic defect.
What is maintaining oxygenation or minimizing energy expenditure?