The Budget
part of the executive branch, begins the budget process by reviewing all of the monetary requests from each of the federal agencies and combining them into the president's proposed This office is known as
What are the MILITARY powers of Congress
Authority to provide for national defense and declare war
The practice of generating legislation that produces income for their districts is known as
pork barrel spending
Approve federal justices nominations
Senate
What are the three roles Congress play in policymaking?
A defining feature of the modern budget process is the tension between ___ spending, which increases over time, and ______ spending.
Mandatory and Discretionary Spending
Why is the Necessary and Proper Clause used to handle social and environmental issues.
Because it is broadly interpreted, it allows the government to do almost anything that is not prohibited by the Constitution
This refers to trading votes, or "you vote for my bill and I will in both houses
logrolling
This chamber is known for foreign affair
Senate
Which chamber of Congress has the power of Advice and Consent and what is their role?
Senate, Treaties and Presidential Appointees
This was created by Congress to analyze the president's proposed budget and provides economic data to Congress.
Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
What are the ECONOMIC powers of Congress.
Taxation, coinage of money, regulation of commerce
Strong allegiance to one's own political party, often leading to unwillingness to compromise with members of the opposing party.
partisanship
The power to impeach the President or federal officials
House
Which is the most powerful check over the Executive branch because Congress controls the money?
power of the purse
This is not a law, but provides guidelines or goals for spending. Spending bills, also called appropriations bills, are passed to fulfill the budget targets.
A Budget Resolutoin
Congress has the power to regulate commerce. What are some examples of Congress using their implied powers to ensure the enumerated powers are carried out.
To prohibit job discrimination based on race, gender, or age
To break up monopolies
To set health standards (regulations) for food
To pass minimum wage laws
A member of the House or Senate votes based on his or her conscience in the best interest of society, even if this results in choices that do not please a majority of his or her constituency. This view reflects elite democracy.
Trustee Model
The framers wanted the power to tax to be in this chamber because this serves a check on the executive branch. This chamber was directly elected by the people.
House
The Government Accountability Office (GAO), often called the ______, is an independent nonpartisan agency that works for Congress to monitor the performance of executive agencies and programs. The GAO conducts audits, writes reports, and provides reliable, objective information to Congress to ensure the effective functioning of the bureaucracy.
All money the government spends must come from either revenue (government income, mostly produced by ____) or ______ (the government takes on debt).
taxes or borrowing
To raise an army and support armies and a navy are Congress's enumerated powers. What are examples of implied powers to ensure these enumerated powers are put into action?
The draft, Creation of the Air force, Eisenhower's Interstate Highway System
This case decision stated that although racial considerations may be a legitimate concern in many state-level decisions, efforts to segregate the voting public based on race alone may be divisive and have unintended negative consequences. The drawing of district boundaries based solely on race is a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment. The test for determining whether a district is based on race alone is whether its design can be reasonably understood as being based on other factors.
Shaw v. Reno
This chamber has this committee that writes tax bills and hold enormous power that guide the tax laws
Ways and Means
The challenger of a sitting Congressperson has several roadblocks to win the election such as; name recognition, money, casework. This is known as
incumbency effect