Congress and History
This is a group of individuals bound by a common interest that advocates for the concerns they believe to be important at the expense of the general welfare
Faction
When minority and majority voters reliably vote for different candidates you can say that the district is this.
Racially polarized.
The public enunciation of a judgmental statement on anything likely to be of interest to political actors.
Position-Taking
Refers to a political candidate's strategy to not only capture but retain their supporter base
Home Style
This theory posits that voters try to offset the majority party's power by voting for the opposing party to "equal" out the influence of the other.
Balance
This era, according to Polbsy, was no longer controlled by Executive elites but by senior congressional members.
Decentralized Era
This refers to the number of seats that are adjusted in the House of Representatives to reflect changes in population
Reapportionment
This is was key determinant for deciding whether a person should be a party leader of committee chair and is still considered today.
Seniority
Refers to a representative who has focused agendas, generally targeting issues within the jurisdiction of their committee assignments, and who votes and cosponsors regularly with their parties. They mainly get things done behind the scenes.
Policy Specialist
Refers to citizens, during an election cycle, basing their votes for political candidates in terms of the issues they are plausibly responsible for during their time in office
Retrospective Voting
Great Realignment
This consideration for district drawing refers to the geometric shape of a district.
Compactness
This type of behavior refers to bill cosponsorship, bill sponsorship, nonlegislative debate, committee debates and mark up, and floor debate
Non-Roll Call Behavior
Occurs when legislators consciously act as agents for constituents and their interests
Substantive Representation
The process in which a congressional legislator is replaced by a new member of the opposite party, one relative extremist is replaced by an opposing extremist
Leapfrog Representation
This act narrowed the number of standing committees in the House and Senate.
The Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946.
The process of drawing upper house districts to contain two or more lower house districts.
Nesting
This assesses a legislature's capacity to generate and digest information in the policy-making process.
Professionalization
Refers to legislators who are strong party loyalists, serve as its public face and its fundraising arm, and engage in heavy lifting legislatively
Party Builder
This act put limitations on individuals and PAC contributions to political campaigns not limit on soft money.
Federal Elections Campaign Act (FECA)
This section of the 1965 Voting Rights Act prohibited laws or practices that denied minority voters the ability to participate in the political progress.
Section 2
This district line consideration refers to preserving a group of people concentrated in a geographic area who share similar interests, history, and priorities
Communities of Interest
This is the social and political processes through which people seek and win leadership posts.
Recruitment
This style is best for a homogenous district
Person-to-Person
Refers to when a politician goes door to door delivering personalized messaging to individual voters
Shoe-Leather Campaigning