general
where is connective tissue found
every organ (abundant)
these types of cells produce the extracellular matrix
an example that creates the extracellular matrix of bone is what
blasts
osteoblast
these two components make up the extracellular matrix
protein fibres
ground substance
the three types of mature CT
connective tissue proper
supporting CT
fluid CT
this type of connective tissue is the loose packing material of most organs and tissues and attaches skin to the underlying tissues.
what is it, and what type of protein fibres does it contain?
loose areolar CT
collagen (primarily), reticular, and elastic fibres
cells of connective tissue are separated by this
extracellular matrix
these types of cells maintain the extracellular matrix
an example of these that main the extracellular matrix of cartilate are called what
cytes
chondrocytes
this is the most common protein in the body, and is strong, flexible, and inelastic
collagen
contains fibrils bundled together
blood makes up this type of mature CT
fluid connective tissue
these are characteristic of dense regular collagenous CT
this CT is made up of what?
example?
dense = tightly packed
regular = lined up in the same direction
has abundance collagen fibres that resist stretching
tendons and ligaments
this category of connective tissue functions as storage, cushion, and insulation
fat (adipose)
this type of cell breaks down the extracellular matrix for remodeling
an example of them in bones is called what
clasts
osteoclasts
this is the function of reticular protein fibres
what are reticular protein fibres made up of
fills spaces between tissues and organs
made of collagen, but in branching networks scattered in many directions
supporting connective tissue is made up of these two components
cartilage, bone
this type of CT is found where aerolar CT is located (next to it and mixed in)
what is it, what is its function, which densely packed cells make it up, and where in the body might it be found?
adipose tissue
specialized for energy storage (triglycerides), supporting and protecting organs, and insulation
made up of adipocytes
can be found in breasts surrounding the mammary gland
connective tissues enclose organs as a capsule, connect tissues to one another in this form (1), and support movement in this form (2)
ligaments (bone to bone) and tendons (bone to muscle)
bones
the role of macrophages in terms of extracellular matrix within the immune system
digest/engulf debris from monocytes (white blood cells)
this type of protein fibre returns to its original shape after distention or compression and resembles coiled springs.
what is the proteins fibre, what is it made of, and how are the molecules configured?
elastic fibers
contain molecules of elastin
cross-linked molecules
connective tissue proper is subdivided into two divisions: loose and dense.
what are the characteristics of each, and which fibres are involved with each
loose - fewer fibres, more ground substance (areolar, adipose, reticular fibres)
dense - more fibres, less ground substance (regular or irregular collagenous or elastic)
these are characteristics of dense irregular collagenous CT
this CT forms which parts of our body?
dense = tightly packed
irregular = network of collagen fibres randomly arranged
forms dermis of skin, scars, capsules of kidney, and spleen
connective tissues use this (1) to transport nutrients and oxygen to systems, and also this (2) for protection
blood
cells of immune system
ground substance may have what states of matter?
fluid, semifluid, gelatinous, or calcified
hyaluronic acid, proteoglycan, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and adhesion proteins are all examples of this component of the extracellular matrix
what is its general function?
ground substance
like a filler that can act as a lubricant/adhesive/etc.
this type of CT is formed from bundles and sheets of collagenous and elastic (predominant) fibres, oriented in multiple directions to make it strong but elastic.
what is it and where might it be found
dense (tightly packed) irregular (randomly scattered orientation) elastic connective tissue
in walls of elastic arteries (aorta)
ligaments in vocal folds, as well as the nuchal ligament (attaches the skull) are examples of this type of CT.
what is it, and what are some of its characteristics
dense (tightly packed) regular (lined up in the same direction) elastic connective tissue
collagen fibres give strength, but elastic fibres are more prevalent