Show:
Industries
Textile Mills
Industrialization/Urbanization
Conservatives
Beginnings of Jim Crow Laws
100
In what way did the economy change in the United States after the Civil War?
The United States was moving from an agricultural economy to an industrial one.
100
What was appealing to workers about South Carolina's textile mills?
The mills set up villages to attract workers. These villages had schools, churches, and stores.
100
What were some of the challenges that came along with urbanization and industrialization?
Along with industrialization and urbanization came poverty, overcrowding, and racial/ethnic tensions.
100
What political party in SC dominated politics from 1876-1900 and wanted to return to the ideals of the Antebellum Era?
Conservative Democrats (Redeemers)
100
Define "disfranchise."
"Disfranchise" means to take the right to vote away from blacks.
200
What resources did South Carolina have after the Civil War?
South Carolina had fertile land to grow cotton, large forests, many streams and rivers, and a population looking for work.
200
What was a major benefit of the textile mills to the economy?
The textile mills created jobs.
200
Why did the conservative leadership in South Carolina oppose industrialization?
Their focus was more on reviving the Old South than on industrialization.
200
The election of Wade Hampton III as governor marked what significant turning point in SC politics?
Wade Hampton III was a democrat, and his election to governor of SC marked the end of Reconstruction and the return of the Democrats to political power in SC.
200
Explain the Eight Box Law.
Voters were required to place their vote in the correct box at a precinct. If a person could not read or could not identify numbers, his vote would go in the wrong box. Aimed at restricting the votes of blacks who were often illiterate.
300
What were the new industries emerging in South Carolina after the Civil War?
The new industries in South Carolina included textiles, cotton, phosphates, and lumber.
300
What were some of the downsides of the textile mills/villages?
They people worked long hours. Children also often quit school by age twelve in order to work in the mills.
300
How did industrialization impact cities in the United States?
Because so many people were looking for work, they moved to cities and their populations increased substantially.
300
Explain why Wade Hampton supporters called themselves "Redeemers."
The "Redeemers" claimed that they had redeemed SC from the fraud and dishonesty of the Republicans.
300
Explain the Poll Tax.
The Poll Tax was a tax that had to be paid in order to vote. It discriminated against blacks because most were too poor to pay the tax and could not vote.
400
Which South Carolina resource was helpful in developing the turpentine industry.
South Carolina's pine trees helped make it to become the number one producer of turpentine in the country.
400
Define "textiles."
Textiles. are woven or machine-knitted fabrics
400
What role did railroads play in industrialization and urbanization?
Transcontinental railroads linked the country and opened up expansion to the west. They were used to transport people and merchandise and even replaced the cowboy as a means of "herding" cattle closer to big cities. There were 57,000 miles of railroad tracks in 1870 and, by 1890, there were 167,000 miles of railroad tracks.
400
What impact did the Redeemers in control of SC government have on the state?
The Redeemers took measures to establish a society as it was before the war (i.e. limiting the black vote through poll taxes, Eight Box laws, etc.).
400
What was the impact of the Dibble Plan on blacks?
The Dibble Plan (1882) redrew the lines of congressional districts in SC so that there would only be one large district with a black majority. Conservatives agreed not to run any white candidates in the district. SC would send a black representative to D.C. until 1896 and then not again until 1992.
500
What new industries thrived in South Carolina during the 19th century?
Textiles and phosphate mining thrived in South Carolina during the 19th century.
500
In what ways were South Carolina's streams and rivers an asset to the textile industry?
They provided water power for the textile mills.
500
What was the environmental price of progress during this time period in U.S. history?
Industry led to air and water pollution.
500
What was Governor Hampton's attitude towards blacks?
He did not believe in social equality between the races, but he did his best to practice political equality (appointed many blacks to minor political offices).
500
What was the goal of Jim Crow laws, and how was this goal supported by the U.S. Supreme Court Case Plessy vs. Ferguson?
The goal of Jim Crow laws was to segregate whites and blacks. Plessy vs. Ferguson ruled that "separate but equal facilities" were legal.