Describing Consonants
This describes the location of the obstruction/constriction
What is place of articulation
Sounds that have the same place and manner but differ in voicing are called ____
What is Cognates
What does manner describe?
How the air stream is modified by the movement of the articulators
The location where a consonant is articulated in the vocal tract is the ____
Place of articulation
When a consonant assimilates to the place of articulation of an adjacent consonant
Coarticulation
This describes how much of an obstruction there is
What is manner of articulation
What is the cognate for /p/ and /s/
/b/ and /z/
How many english nasal stops are there?
3
Define passive articulator and provide examples.
Define a stop and state the two types
Complete closure of articulators in the oral cavity so no air escapes through the mouth
Oral stops and nasal stops
On an IPA consonant chart, the horizontal side is ______ and the far left vertical side is ______.
What is Place of articulation, manner of articulation
How can you tell if a sound is voiced?
By feeling the larynx
Obstruents versus sonorants
In obstruents, the airflow restricted in the mouth; usually have voiced and voiceless pairs
Whereas with sonorants, airflow is not restricted in the mouth, or lowered velum
On the IPA Consonant Chart, how does place of articulation differ from left to right.
Front of mouth to back of mouth
What is the manner of articulation where closure is not complete. Articulators are in close approximation to one another so air passes between them through a narrow passage; continuous hissing sound
State an example
Fricatives
[f, v, θ, ð, s, z, ʃ, ʒ, h]
Consonants often require noise in the _____
What is the supra-laryngeal vocal tract (SLVT)
What is the cognate for the first and last sound in the word "beige"
/p/ and /ʃ /
Liquids and glides are _____. State the airflow for this manner of articulation
Approximants - relatively free airflow but not as much as vowels
Define an active articulator. State the active articulators
The anatomical structure that usually moves when we articulate sounds
lower lip and tongue
_____ is a group of sounds that share some set of phonetic features
Natural Classes
This consonant can be described as voiceless or as not having a voicing feature. Explain why it can be either or.
What is the glottal stop
This sound is formed by a single closure and release of the VF so it can be treated as not having a voicing feature.
When you substitue a cognate in a word, do you get a minimal pair? Explain
Yes, for example "ten" to "den"
Strident consonants trigger the insertion of _____ before the plural suffix
Vowel
State the first and last place of articulation
Bilabial ....glottal
Define the manner of articulation for /ʧ/
Affricates - Begin with complete closure in oral tract, followed by articulators pulling apart slightly to allow for air to escape with friction
A stop + fricative