Cases
This case caused the creation of "Miranda warnings"
What was Miranda v. Arizona?
A legal principle to prevent using evidence in court that was obtained in violation of a defendant's constitutional rights
What is the exclusionary rule?
You have the right to remain silent......
What are Miranda rights?
A written order issued by a judge or magistrate, authorizing an officer to search a specific location for described objects
What is a search warrant?
A brief detention of a person
What is detention/ being detained?
A legal dispute that is brought before the highest court in the United States
What is a Supreme Court case?
"probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized"
What are the requirements of a warrant/ the 4th Amendment?
This amendment guarantees the right to counsel, a speedy trial, and an impartial jury
What is the sixth amendment
This doctrine allows an officer to seize evidence of a crime if it's clearly visible
What is plain view?
A consensual conversation between an officer and a person
What is a voluntary encounter?
The official decision made by a court or judge
What is a ruling?
a written statement confirmed by oath, used for evidence in court
What is an affidavit?
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted
What is the 8th Amendment?
The term for the area police have the authority to search, around a person?
What is scope?
A situation that requires immediate action to prevent lives at risk, or of serious bodily harm
What is an exigent circumstance?
This case ruled that a dog "sniff" is not a search
What was US v. Place
The warrant needed to process a crime scene
What is a Mincey warrant?
Protection against self-incrimination/ rights to a lawyer
What is the 5th Amendment?
"the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects...."
What is the 4th Amendment?
The area and grounds immediately surrounding a house/ occupied building
What is curtilage?
This case ruled that a dog "sniffing" within a home's curtilage is considered a search
Florida v. Jardines
Consent, incident to lawful arrest, motor vehicle exception, exigent circumstances
What are the exceptions to the search warrant requirement?
The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny others retained by the people
What is the 9th amendment?
This 1968 case created the "stop and frisk exception"
What was Terry v. Ohio?
A traffic stop made for an observed traffic violation in which the officer's real motive is related to different criminal activity
What is a pretextual traffic stop?