Composed the original draft of the Declaration of Independence
What is Thomas Jefferson
100
The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution is called this
What is the Bill of Rights
100
Not specifically said in the Constitution but can be deduced from the text
What are implied powers
100
Amendment that states that the powers not given to the federal government are reserved to the people and states
What is the 10th Amendment
100
Federal grants for specific purposes, like building a college dorm or an airport
What are categorical grants
200
Favored the Constitution and a stronger national government
What are Federalists
200
Under this, the US had independent states, could not regulate commerce or levy taxes, 9 out of 13 states were required to pass anything, and state size did not matter in regard to votes for Congress
What is the Articles of Confederation
200
Shared by the national and state governments
What are concurrent powers
200
Also known as the Elastic Clause, it is a part of the Constitution which allows Congress to pass all laws they find they need to according to its duties
What is the "Necessary and Proper" Clause
200
The effort to transfer responsibility for many public programs and services from the federal government to the states
What is devolution
300
Opponents of the new Constitution who favored a weaker national government
What are Antifederalists
300
Written by James Madison that addresses human nature and the need to control factions
What is Federalist #10
300
Only given to the national government
What are enumerated powers
300
A power the Supreme Court has to declare an act of Congress "unconstitutional" and limit the power of majorities
What is judicial reveiw
300
Doctrine that a state can declare a federal law valueless and void if, in that states opinion, it violates the Constitution
What is nullification
400
Authors of the Federalist Papers
What is James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton
400
Written by James Madison and addresses the importance of separation of powers, checks and balances, and federalism
What is Federalist #51
400
Given to all governments
What are inherent powers
400
American federalism has been called this, meaning when most citizens think it is just one huge government and don't make distinctions between national and state
What is marble cake federalism
400
'Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion'
What is the Establishment Clause
500
A big shaper of the Constitution who also wrote the Second Treatise of Civil Government
What is John Locke
500
Addresses how men go from a state of nature and freedom to being governed by a civil government and authority
What is the Second Treatise of Government
500
American government is based on this idea so no certain branch of the government can get more power than the others
What is the separation of powers
500
Ap plan to have a popularly elected House of Representatives based on state population and a state selected Senate, with two members from each state
What is the Great Compromise or Connecticut Compromise
500
Case that ruled a state may not tax any federal "instrument" and chartering a national bank is "necessary and proper"