Anatomy
what kind of bone is the sacrum?
irregular
state what covers the membrane
cartilage
State another name for white blood cells
Leucocytes
Vitamins are… ?
Micronutrients
What type of joint is the knee?
hinge joint
three features of the long bone structure
epiphysis,diaphysis,epiphysis
state †he respiratory system structure
nasal cavity,nostril,oral cavity,pharynx,larynx,trachea,left and right bronchus, lugs, diaphragm
State the main function of platelets
They assist in the process of repairing injuries, by clotting blood.
State two sources where you can find water.
Fruits, beverages, vegetables
What is the role of the agonist muscle in movement?
is the prime mover responsible for creating movement by contracting.
where could you find the bursae?
patella
describe the gas diffusion in the alveoli
o2 goes from a high consentrartion to a low concentrartion and co2 goes from a high concentrartion to a low concentration
State the names of the valves located in the right part of the heart
triscupid valve and pulmonary valve.
State the condensation reaction.
Two sugars —> sugar + H2O
During a squat, what is the agonist muscle at the knee during the upward phase, and what type of muscle contraction occurs?
Agonist muscle: Quadriceps
Type of contraction: Concentric contraction
how is the sacromere organized?
i band, A band , i band , M band
describe the expiration process
intercostal mucles relax
diaphragm relaxes
chest cavity gets smaller and preassure in the lung increases
air flows our of the lungs
Suggest the role of the SA node in the ventricle contraction
SA node sends and electrical impulse to the AV node, and the AV node sends electrical impulse to the ventricle, so the ventricle contracts.
State the recommended range of fat in an endurance athlete
10 -35 %
What is the difference between an isometric and isotonic muscle contraction?
Isometric contraction: The muscle produces force without movement (static hold).
Isotonic contraction: The muscle changes length while producing force.
state the origin and insertion of the muscle of muscle maximus
origin: sacrum, coccyx, and ilium
insertion:femur
What role do chemoreceptors play in controlling breathing rate?
Chemoreceptors detect increased CO₂ levels and lower pH in the blood. They send signals to the medulla oblongata, which increases the breathing rate by stimulating the diaphragm and intercostal muscles to enhance ventilation and remove excess CO₂.
what are the functions of leucocytes (white blood cells
inmune function
protects the body from infection
State the ultrastructure of the mitochondria
Outer membrane, Inner membrane (cristae), matrix
state the three newtons laws of motion apply to a sprinter starting a 100m race.
First Law (Inertia)
Second Law (F = ma)
Third Law (Action-Reaction)