Analog Systems
Define an analog signal.
A continuous signal. Always detecting.
Define a digital signal.
A signal that uses discrete values - 1s and 0s.
What is a logic gate?
A logic gate is a device that performs a simple true/false (on/off) operation on one or more inputs to produce one output.
What is data transmission?
Data transmission is the movement of information (signals or data) from one place to another using a physical or wireless medium.
Give an everyday example of an analog system.
Thermometer.
Give an everyday example of a digital system.
List three basic logic gate names.
AND, OR, NOT
Name the three primary types of physical data transmission hardware.
Copper Wire (electrical), Fiber-Optic (light), and Wireless (radio frequency, satellite, infrared)
Give one advantage of an analog system.
Can represent changes smoothly.
Give one advantage of a digital system.
It is precise and accurate.
For each of these three gates (AND, OR, NOT), give a short description of how the output depends on the inputs.
AND: output is true only when all inputs are true.
OR: output is true when at least one input is true.
NOT: output is the opposite of the input.
How is data transmission speed commonly measured? Give the unit.
Bits per second.
Give on disadvantage of an analog system.
It is more susceptible to noise degradation over distances.
Give one disadvantage of a digital system.
More complex.
Draw the standard symbol for one gate of your choice.
The AND gate is a D-shaped symbol with two input wires on the left and one output on the right.
List one pro and con of copper wire data transmission.
Pro: inexpensive and widely available
Con: lower bandwidth
Why would analog be preferred over digital?
An analog system is preferred over a digital system for its simplicity and continuous signal processing capabilities, making it ideal for applications where real-time performance is critical
Why would digital be preferred over analog?
A digital system is preferred over an analog system primarily because it is more robust against noise, offers greater accuracy and precision, and allows for easier storage, processing, and security of information.
Explain how a small combinational circuit can implement a simple control rule.
Turn motor ON if sensor A is HIGH and sensor B is LOW.
List one pro and con of fiber-optic data transmission hardware.
Pro: Very high bandwidth
Con: Physically fragile and more expensive to install