what causes
The primary cause of COPD in the United States, responsible for about 9 out of 10 cases.
What is smoking (or cigarette smoking)
This is the single most important step for someone diagnosed with COPD who smokes, as it slows the disease's progression.
What is quitting smoking?
The most effective primary prevention method against developing COPD.
What is never smoking (or not starting to smoke)?
While smoking is the main culprit, exposure to this, along with chemical fumes and dust, can cause the disease in non-smokers.
What is air pollution (or occupational exposure)
A comprehensive program that combines supervised exercise, nutritional counseling, and education to improve a patient's quality of life.
What is pulmonary rehabilitation?
Staying away from this common indoor environmental hazard helps reduce the risk for non-smokers.
What is secondhand smoke (or passive smoking)?
This rare genetic disorder leads to a deficiency in a protective protein, significantly increasing COPD risk even without smoking.
What is alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD)?
These medications are key to managing symptoms by relaxing the muscles around the airways.
What are bronchodilators?
Employers in hazardous industries should provide this to workers to prevent exposure to dust, fumes, and chemicals.
What is personal protective equipment (PPE)?
A history of these during childhood, or a pre-existing condition like asthma, can increase a person's lifetime risk of developing COPD.
What are respiratory infections?
People with COPD need these regularly to prevent serious complications from common illnesses like influenza and pneumonia.
What are vaccinations (or immunizations)?
Maintaining a balanced diet and this daily habit can help maintain overall lung health.
What is regular physical activity (or exercise)?
Along with gender and environmental exposures, this natural process makes lung function decline and increases vulnerability to the disease.
What is aging (or older age)?
This simple breathing exercise helps slow down breathing, making each breath more effective and reducing shortness of breath.
What is pursed-lip breathing?
Resources from organizations like the American Lung Association offer support programs to help individuals accomplish this crucial goal.
What is quitting smoking for good?