Biomechanics
How does an object float?
The object needs to displace an amount of water that weighs more that itself
What is the formula for maximum heart rate?
MHR = 220 - Age
What is the main purpose of the muscular system?
Movement
Identify the 4 chambers of the heart
Left ventricle
Right Ventricle
Left atrium
Right Atrium
A joint made up of the humerus, scapula and clavicle
Shoulder
Identify the applied and reaction forces in a high jumpers take off
Applied - The high jumpers foot applying force to the ground.
Reaction - The ground applying force upwards to the athletes foot
Extended period of training with variations in intensity
Fartlek Training
An example of a long bone
Any of tibia, fibula, femur, humerus, radius, ulna
Part of the respiratory system directly inferior to the pharynx
larynx
Perform a dorsi flexion
Flexion of the ankle
When is an athlete at their most stable?
When the line of gravity falls within the base of the support, the centre of gravity is lowered and there is a wide base of support.
Power, Speed and Agility are included in this category
Skill-Related components of fitness
Moving a limb away from the midline of the body
Explain the process of inspiration and expiration
Inspiration - Air being taken into the lungs
Expiration - Air being released out of the lungs
Describe diastolic and systolic blood pressure
Diastolic: The reading taken at peak pressure created by the contraction of the lft ventricle
Systolic: The reading taken during the relaxation (or filling phase) of the left ventricle
Discuss why momentum is important in a collision sport such as rugby.
Momentum = Mass x velocity
Therefore, the heavier and faster the player, the more chance of gaining ground
Name 5 different types of fitness testing procedures and the components of fitness it will test.
Beep test - cardiorespiratory endurance
Sit and Reach - Flexibility
50m Sprint - Speed
Standing long jump - Power
Stork test - Balance
Identify the 6 different types of synovial joints
Ball and socket, Gliding, Saddle, Condyloid, Pivot, Hinge
What is the role/purpose of veins, arteries and capillaries in the circulatory system?
Veins: Carry blood and co2 towards the heart
Arteries: Carry blood and co2 away from the heart
Capillaries: Oxygen transfer and co2 collection
What is anaerobic training? Provide an example
Anaerobic training is training or any activity that does not require oxygen.
Examples: 100m sprint, shot put, high jump
How does using biomechanics increase performance in cycling?
Equipment - helmet to reduce profile drag
Tactics - Ride behind other riders to reduce drag and conserve energy
Clothing - Reduce surface drag
Technique - Bend over/crouch lower to reduce profile drag
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic training? Provide an example of each
Aerobic is in the presence of oxygen and anaerobic is in the absence of oxygen
Perform and analyse the bicep curl to determine:
1. The bones involved
2. Joint action
3. Muscles involved
4. Type of contraction
1. Radius, Ulna, Humerus
2. Flexion of the elbow
3. Triceps, Biceps
4. Isotonic, Concentric
Explain the process and path of the heart pumping blood
deoxygenated blood pumped through vena cava to right atrium, then into right ventricle, then pumped through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs to pick up oxygen. The oxygenated blood travels through the pulmonary vein to the left atrium, through to the left ventricle, then through the aorta to the rest of the body to provide oxygen to organs and muscles to produce energy.
Name all components of the respiratory system beginning with the nasal cavity.
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchus
Bronchiole Tubes
Alveoli