Principles of Dialysis
Concentration, ph, and temperature of solvent, and presence of other solutes
What are factors that affect solubility
Thousands of hair-thin hollow fibers that are the semipermeable membrane.
What is the dialyzer.
This access is the least likely to become infected or clotted and is preferred first.
What is the AV fistula.
The third most common cause of death in HD patients.
What is infection.
What lab test is used to monitor protein intake?
What is albumin.
6.9-7.6
What is the normal ph of dialysate
In a dialyzer, this is otherwise known as solvent drag. It removes middle-larger solutes across the dialyzer membrane.
What is convection.
Surgeons use a piece of artifical or biologic (from a living source) to create this type of access which can be straight or looped.
What is the AV graft.
The 3 main blood borne pathogens that pose a risk to HD patients and staff.
What is Hep B, Hep C, and HIV.
What level of kidney function does dialysis usually occur?
What is 10-15%.
The common conversion of 2.2 pounds
What is 1 kilogram
A measure of a membranes porosity.
What is sieving coefficient.
Correct placement of the HD catheter.
What is the superior vena cava.
When noting bright cherry red blood in the lines, staff should know this is known as ______ and should _____.
What is hemolysis and should stop tx without returning blood.
The main concern of high potassium in the diet.
What are cardiac dysthrymias.
This aids to pull more water out of the patients blood by adding this to the dialysate to create an osmotic gradient.
What is sodium.
Raising QD, QB, TX time, and dialyzer surface area.
What are ways to remove more waste.
Lack of oxygen to the tissue and nerves of the hand of the access arm.
What is steal syndrome.
This can occur if there is a severe allergic reaction to a dialyzer membrane, a medication/blood product, or germicide used to clean equipment.
What is anaphylaxis.
Can cause a false high potassium level.
What is a hemolyzed blood sample.
This can occur when levels of waste in the blood are very high and drop rapidly with symptoms of HA, N/V, seizure, coma, and even death.
What is DDS.
(Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome)
The biggest risk of a wet transducer.
What is infection.
True or False It is ok to cannulate needles in a pseudoaneurysm.
What is false.
In the event of air embolism this procedure should be implemented.
What is COLT.
Clamp, Off, Left side, Trendelenburg
This element is monitored for dosing of binders.
What is phosphorus.