This is where clear cell/conventional RCC originates.
What is the proximal convoluted tubules.
100
This genetic abnormality is associated with sporadic type clear cell RCC?
What is pVHL mutation (Chr 3), such that this protein no longer inactivates HIFa is not degraded during normal states of oxygenation; uncontrolled angiogenesis and cell growth; requires somatic mutation in addition to germ line mutation (both alleles must be mutated).
100
This is the classic triad of presentation of RCC.
What is non-dysmorphic hematuria (invasion of collecting system), fever (tumor cytokines), and abdominal mass (typically lower pole of kidney).
100
I say nephrogenic rests, you say...
What is Wilm's tumor!
200
The renal tubular cancer accounting for 10% of cases.
What is chromophilic or papillary.
200
This is where chromophilic/papillary RCC originates.
What is proximal convoluted tubule.
200
This genetic abnormality is associated with hereditary form of chromophilic/papillary RCC.
What is c-MET mutation; hepatocyte growth factor produced in mesenchymal cells binds its receptor (a TK) on epithelial cells to regulate cell growth; mutation causes receptor to be constitutively active, allowing uncontrolled growth.
200
These are the three paraneoplastic syndromes commonly associated with RCC.
What is the tumor releases PTHrP (hypercalcemia), noxious cytokines (liver dysfx/Stauffer's syndrome), and EPO (polycythemia).
200
This tumor occurs more frequently in women than in men.
What is angiomyolipomas.
300
The renal tubular cancer accounting for 5% of cases.
What is chromophobe cancer.
300
This is where chromophobe RCC originates.
What is distal convoluted tubule.
300
This genetic abnormality is associated with medullary carcinoma.
What is sickle cell trait (chronic hypoxia).
300
These are the 5 risk factors for developing RCC identified in lecture.
What is smoking, ACKD, cadmium/petroleum products, obesity, and genetics.
300
These criteria distinguish sporadic AML from AML associated with tuberous sclerosis.
What is bilateral dz, multiple lesions, younger age (2-3rd decade), tumors larger than 8 cm.
400
This is the only benign tumor we'll talk about this morning.
What is oncocytoma.
400
This is where oncocytomas originate.
What is intercalated cells of the CCT.
400
This is the characteristic histopathological finding of an oncocytoma; this is the risk if an oncocytoma is not removed.
What is central stellate scar; contiguous clear cell RCC development.
400
This is the proportion of patients with RCC that already have distant mets at time of diagnosis.
What is 30%.
400
This is why xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis lesions are distinct from typical abscesses.
What is lipid-laden macrophages (aka xanthoma cells) infiltrate the area surrounding the obstruction along with lymphocytes; the process is active/necrotizing/can invade surrounding tissues.
500
I can't think of a hint, but what are we missing?
What is medullary carcinoma.
500
This is where medullary carcinoma originates.
What is distal medullary collecting ducts.
500
This acquired kidney disease is associated with the development of RCC.
What is acquired cystic kidney disease; pts on dialysis for > 5 yrs.
500
This is the pathologic staging system for RCC.
What is TNM!! Grading is Fuhrman :)
500
These are the genetic inheritance patterns of VHL and tuberous sclerosis.
What is both are autosomal dominant (VHL has high risk of RCC associated, TS rarely transforms to malignancy).