Hair Care & Chemistry
Sanitation & Safety
Skin & Nails
Anatomy & Physiology
State Board Rules & Professionalism
100

What is the natural pH range of hair?

pH of hair is 4.5–5.5

100

What does EPA stand for?

Environmental Protection Agency

100

What is the largest organ of the body?

The skin


100

What is the basic unit of life?

The cell

100

What is the first thing you should do before starting any client service?

Wash and sanitize your hands

200

Which part of the hair contains melanin and protein structures?

The cortex

200

What level of infection control kills all microorganisms, including spores?

Sterilization

200

What is the technical term for a white spot on the nail?

Leukonychia

200

Which system of the body controls hormones?

endocrine system

200

How often should cosmetology licenses be renewed (varies by state, but give general rule)?

Every 1–2 years

300

What type of bond is broken when hair is permed or relaxed?

Disulfide bonds

300

What should you do if blood exposure occurs during a service?

Stop service, put on gloves, clean with antiseptic, apply bandage, disinfect tools and station, wash hands

300

What is the layer of the skin where new cells are produced?

stratum basale

300

What muscle extends from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin?

platysma muscle

300

What is considered professional conduct in the salon?

Good hygiene, proper attire, respectful communication, confidentiality, and ethical behavior

400

What is the main ingredient in most relaxers?

Sodium hydroxide

400

What agency regulates safety and health in the workplace?

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

400

What type of lesion is a freckle?

macule

400

What type of tissue binds together, protects, and supports body parts?

Connective tissue

400

Why is a client consultation important before services?

To analyze hair/skin/nails, check for contraindications, and determine client’s goals

500

What type of lightener is used directly on the scalp?

Cream lightener

500

What is the difference between sterilization and disinfection?

Sterilization kills all microorganisms including spores; disinfection kills most but not all, not spores

500

What type of nail infection shows yellow-green spots that can darken over time?

Pseudomonas bacterial infection

500

Which system controls the body’s coordination and all voluntary movements?

nervous system

500

What should you do if a client refuses to follow safety instructions during a service?

Stop service if unsafe, explain why, document if necessary, and follow state board regulations