thyroid
adrenals
ADH
diabetes
diabetes
100

List 3 manifestations of hypothyroidism

bradycardia, lethargy/weakness, dry skin, brittle nails, constipation, depression

100

addison disease nursing interventions

monitor F&E, weight, vitals, IV fluids, IV hydrocortisone, mineralocorticoid replacement, treat hyperkalemia, monitor for hypoglycemia

100

treatment for DI and expected outcomes

fluids, Desmopression (DDAVP) positive outcomes, drecreased urine output, increases urine specific gravity, increased bp)

100

priority interventions for DKA

IV fluids ( 0.9% NS initially, then dextrose with BS around 250), then IV insulin.

Monitor electrolytes, Q1H bs, ketones, K replacement as needed ABGs ( if intubated)

100

diabetes sick day rules

don't stop taking insulin, check glucose and ketones every 3-4 hrs ( type 1). eat frequent small meals, increase fluid intake, contact HCP if bs > 250 experiencing n/v, or ketones are positive.

200

identify the disease: 

elevated T4

decreased TSH

primary hyperthyroidism

200

cushing presentation & testing

buffalo hump, moon face, hyperglycemia, change in personality, increased risk for infection, GI issues, osteoporosis, fluid retention, strech marks

cortisol level-serum or 24 hr urine collection or 

dexamethasone suppression test

200

causes of SIADH

brain injury or lung carcinoma/pneumo

200

manifestations of DM

polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia ( fatigue, weakness, slow healing wounds, paresthesia, dry skin, recurrent infections)

200

new diagnosis of diabetes

3 P's, Hypotension ( dehydration) increased Na, increased BUN & Create, increased hemoglobin.

300

hyperthyroidism testing and medication management

thyroid serum levels

possible bruit over carotids

positive radioactive iodine uptake test


PTU and methimazole

300

Cushing disease medication management

tapper of steroids, ketaconazole and mitotane

300

DI presentation

dry inside, dehydrated/ hypotensive, urinating large amounts of diluted urine, high serum electrolytes, low urine specific gravity ( 1.001-1.005)

300

hypoglycemia manifestations and interventions

shakiness/tremors, confusion, sweating, hunger, tachycardia/ palpitations.

15 mg simple carbs snack, IM glucagon, D50 iv push

300

DKA vs HHS

DKA- ketones in urine, metabolic acidosis ( GI symptoms), bs lower than HHS ( 300-800 average), high K, dehydration

HHs- no ketones, no acidosis, BS can be 1000+, K may be normal, dehydration

400

hyperthyroidism nursing management

IV fluids with dextrose, calm quiet envireonment, cooling blankets, meds

400

pheochromocytoma manifestations

Triad: headache, sweating, tachycardia

HTN, hypermetabolism, hyperglycemia

400

diagnostic testing for DI & SIADH

DI- fluid deprivation test

SIADH- unexplained hyponatremia

BOTH- specific gravity of urine ( opposites) and serum electrolytes ( opposites)

400

new diabetic diagnosis teaching

lifestyle modifications ( dietician referral), medication/ insulin administration, monitoring of glucose, monitoring of A1C, exercise, diet ( increasing fiber, omega 3), checking peripheral sensation, poor wound healing/ foot care education

400

causes of DKA/HHS

any type of stressor to the body

500

hypothyroidism/ Myxedema coma interverntions

Myxedema- ICU setting, IV fluids, IV levothyroxine, warming blankets/ bear hugger, watch airway, aspiration precautions

500

Addison manifestations

hypotension, hypoglycemia, GI symptoms (n/v/d abd pain, anorexia, weight loss) fluid volume deficit, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia

500

SIADH meds & nursing interventions

meds- diuretics, 3% saline, tetracycline, tolvaptan.

restrict fluids, monitor I&Os, dailiy weights, monitor for seizures and fluid overload.

500

insulin onset: Rapid acting, short acting, intermediate, long acting

Rapid- 15-30 min prior to meals- mostly used prior to meals & SS

short acting- 30-60 min- mostly used prior to meals, sliding scale or IV drip in DKA and HHS

intermediate NPH- 1-1.5 hr ( can mix with regular)

long acting- once a day no peak

500

complications of diabetes

non-healing wounds, retinopathy, nephropathy, infections ( yest, UTIs...), peripheral neuropathy, erectile dysfunction