Foundations of I&C
What term describes the deliberate selection and use of interviewing skills to meet a client’s needs?
What is intentional interviewing?
What type of question invites a client to describe an experience in their own words?
What is an open question?
A counsellor assumes a client’s behaviour is explained by their cultural background without asking. What is this an example of?
What is stereotyping or cultural overgeneralization?
What term describes a counsellor’s visible and verbal behaviours that communicate
attention to the client?
What is attending behaviour?
A counsellor says, “You say your wellbeing is important, yet you describe having no time for
rest. How do you understand that tension?” What skill is this?
What is empathic confrontation?
What is the main purpose of the microskills approach?
What is breaking complex interviewing and counselling behaviours into smaller, learnable skills?
Why can asking several questions in quick succession interfere with a counselling conversation?
It can overwhelm the client, interrupt their story and make the interaction feel like an interrogation.
What should a counsellor do when their personal values conflict with a client’s values?
What is Respect the client’s autonomy, examine personal bias and practise ethically within professional standards.
A client says, “I work all day, care for my family and still feel that I’m letting everyone down.”
The counsellor says, “You’re carrying many responsibilities and feel you aren’t doing enough.” What skill is this?
What is paraphrasing?
What does reframing attempt to offer a client?
What is An alternative perspective that may help them understand an experience differently
What are the fives stages of intentional interviewing and counselling?
A counsellor asks how a family’s expectations affect a client’s career decision. Which
interviewing process is being used?
What is focusing on the client’s family and social context?
What term describes unearned advantages that can affect interactions between people and
institutions?
What is privilege?
What skill brings together the main themes of a client’s account into a concise statement?
What is summarizing?
A client describes asking for help as weakness. The counsellor explores whether seeking support could also reflect self-awareness and courage. What skill is this?
What is reframing?
A counsellor recognizes that their preferred communication style may not suit every client
and adapts accordingly. What broader competency is demonstrated?
What is cultural intentionality?
Why is “You must be angry” often less helpful than “I wonder if you’re feeling angry or hurt”?
The second response communicates a tentative understanding and leaves room for the
client to correct it
A counsellor collaborates with a client to identify existing strengths, supportive relationships
and achievable wellness goals. Which broad concepts are being applied?
What are strengths-based practice, resilience and positive psychology?
A client attributes all their distress to personal failure. The counsellor gently explores
workplace policies and unequal treatment. What does this broaden?
What is The focus from an individual-only explanation to interpersonal and systemic factors.
A client becomes defensive after a counsellor identifies a discrepancy. What should the counsellor do?
Acknowledge the client’s reaction, clarify their intention, listen and adjust the approach
collaboratively
What does RESPECTFUL Model stand for ?
What is:
Religion
Economic/ social class
Sexual identity
Personal style ad education
Ethnic/racial identities
Chronological/lifespan status
Trauma/crisis
Family/background/history
Unique physical characteristics
Location of residence + language
differences
A client discusses workplace distress. The counsellor asks how the issue affects relationships, identity and daily functioning. What makes this questioning intentional? & Provide an example for each
The counsellor is exploring relevant dimensions of the client’s experience to deepen understanding.
How has this change family life? - Tell me about the challenges that it's creating within yourself. - Has this affected your daily routines?
What are four commonly emphasized components of multicultural competence?
What are awareness, knowledge, skills and action?
How do paraphrasing and reflecting feelings differ, and when might each be useful?
Paraphrasing is the essence of what a client has already said. Reflection is providing the client insight that may not have been shared to deepen their emotional experience and understanding.
Identify all the skills present in this counsellor statement to the client: "I hear that being the only minority in your home comes with its challenges now that you have blended your families. I notice that when you talk about it, you become tearful which makes me wonder if there's more going on than you've shared. What are the challenges that you were referring to and how have they impacted your experience in own home?
What are: empathy, attending, cultural attunement, reflection, paraphrasing, focusing (family, environment & individual).