Concepts in Development
This term refers to organizing knowledge into cognitive structures used to interpret experience
What are schemas?
This theorist believes children learn from each other every day
Who is Vygotksy?
In this stage, children understand the world primarily through sensory action
What is the sensorimotor stage?
This is the distance between what a child can do independently and what they can do with guidance
What is the zone of proximal development or ZPD?
The COVID-19 pandemic, which continues to impact child development is an example of this system
What is the chronosystem?
This process involves bringing new information into an existing cognitive structure without changing the structure
What is assimilation?
This earliest thinker believed children were born a "tabula rasa"
Who is Locke?
This thinking error causes children to focus on one aspect of a problem while ignoring others
What is centration?
Children's crib talk is an example of this concept, according to Vygotsky
What is private speech?
This system captures connections between two immediate settings, such as home and school.
What is the meso-system?
This type of study follows the same children over an extended period of time
What is a longitudinal study?
This theorist's work shaped the development of the Head Start program
Who is Bronfenbrenner?
Piaget used this task to measure whether a child could understand that quantity remains the same despite changes in apperance
What is the conservation task?
This term refers to the support offered to help a child accomplish a task just about their current ability
What is scaffolding?
This model, central to Bronfenbrenner's ecological approach, emphasizes the dynamic interactions among the individual, their environment, and the influence of time on development
What is the process-person-context-time (PPCT) model?
This approach to observation captures events in sequence: antecedent, behaviour, and consequence
What is the ABC method?
This researcher conducted clinical interviews with children to understand how they think
Who is Piaget?
A child believes that wearing lucky socks causes their team to win because both happened on the same day
What is transductive reasoning?
According to Vygotsky, learning occurs in two stages. These are the two levels of learning?
During the late 20th C, Romanian orphanages gained attention for severe neglect, understaffing, and lack of individualized care. Children often experienced minimal social interaction, limited sensory stimulation, and inconsistent caregiving. Research on these children revealed long-term consequences for development, including developmental delays, disabilities, attachment difficulties, and impaired executive functioning. Many children also exhibited heightened stress responses and struggled to form trusting relationships. The two levels of systems in Bronfenbrenner's theory were involved.
What are the exo and macro systems?
This concept describes the predictable and orderly qualitative and quantitative changes that occur across childhood
What is development?
This theorist proposed that learning appears twice: socially and then individually
Who is Vygotksy?
Piaget argued that this internal drive pushes children to resolve discrepancies between new and existing knowledge
What is equilibration?
These three names shaped the theoretical context that Vygotksy studied and directly responded to in developing his sociocultural theory
Who are Freud, Piaget, and Montessori?