Ch 1
Constitutional rights ensure that people accused of criminal activity are not rushed to judgment and treated unfairly.
T / F
True
Mens rea is the formal practice of adhering to precedent.
T/F
False
Attempts to limit court jurisdictions have most often come in the form of legislative proposals by members of Congress as a means of voicing their displeasure with controversial court decisions.
T / F
True
There is no degree of predictability in the criminal justice process.
T / F
False
The earliest known example of a formal written legal code was the _________.
Dec. of Independence / Code of Hammurabi / Retributive Code of Romans / US Constitution
Code of Hammurabi
Which of the following refers to an action that violates a statute duly enacted by the proper public authority?
crime / precedent / civil action / forfeiture
crime
The power of a court to resolve a dispute is _____.
jurisdiction / territory / indirect control / discretion
jurisdiction
______ jurisdiction is concerned with the courts' distinct functions and responsibilities - at different levels within a single judiciary.
federal / subject matter / geographical / hierarchical
hierarchical
Which of the following refers to an agency or unit of the judicial branch of government, authorized or established by statute or constitution, and has the authority to decide upon cases, controversies in law, and disputed matters of fact brought before it?
congress / tribunal / court / senate
court
Which of the following generally refers to formal rules, principles, and guidelines enforced by political authority?
norm / precedent / more / law
Law
Which is the philosophy of limiting decisions to the facts of each case, deciding only the issue or issues that need to be resolved in a particular situation?
judicial restraint / court stripping / indirect control / judicial discretion
judicial restraint
Organized groups with a mission to influence political decisions and policy are ______.
national groups / policy groups / interest groups / legislator groups
interest groups
A serious offense generally punishable by more than one year of incarceration is a(n) ____________?
infraction / corpus delicti / felony / misdemeanor
felony
Which refers to a prior action that guides current action?
precedent / stare decisis / recidivism / legal code
precedent
The ____th Amendment requires trials to be open to the public.
8 / 5 / 10 / 6
6th
Which term refers to a brief that is often filed on behalf of various interest groups as a means to get involved in cases and thereby influence court decisions and policy?
subject matter jurisdiction / mens rea / habeas corpus / amicus curiae
amicus curiae
The notion of "deciding upon" cases, controversies in law, and disputed matters of fact is known as ________.
Adjudication
Our system is ________ because it pits the prosecution and the defense against each other in the pursuit of justice.
adversarial
The U.S. ______ Service provides security for federal courthouses and judges.
Marshal
The president is given authority, via the ______, to appoint federal judges.