Skin
What layer of the epidermis is most superficial?
Stratum Corneum
What type of gland extends into a pore at the skin surface?
Are the cells that compose the hair strands living or dead?
Dead
What pigment helps to protect against chemical damage from UV rays?
Melanin
Which of the three types of skin cancers we learned about is highly metastatic?
Melanoma
Which layer of the skin is vascularized and innervated?
The dermis
What gland secretes sweat, lipids, and proteins into the hair follicle?
Apocrine glands
What is the name of the muscle that causes goosebumps?
Arrector pili muscle
What happens to the dermal blood vessels when trying to conserve heat?
Constriction
What type of skin cancer involves rapid cell division in the keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum?
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
What is the function of Merkel cells?
Touch reception
What gland secretes a substance that prevents insects from entering the external ear canal?
Ceruminous gland
What type of hair is found on babies and the bodies of adult females?
Vellus
What is the name of the structure located deep in the dermis that can alert us to deep pressure?
Pacinian receptor
What does the ABCD rule stand for?
Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color, and Diameter
Where in the body does the epidermis contain the stratum lucidum layer?
Thick skin (palms and soles)
What areas of the body do not include the sebaceous glands?
Palms and Soles (thick skin)
Hair follicle
What are three biological barriers that exist in the integumentary system?
Langerhans' cells, macrophages, and sebum
What type of burn damages the epidermis and the upper region of the dermis?
2nd degree burn
What layer of the dermis is composed of areolar connective tissue?
Papillary layer
What secreted substance slows water loss and is bactericidal?
Sebum
What structure composed of keratin is located on the distal, dorsal surface of fingers and toes?
Nails
What are the 6 functions of the integumentary system?
Protection, body temperature regulation, cutaneous sensation, metabolic functions, blood reservoir, and excretion
What are the two most effective treatments against melanoma?
Surgical excision accompanied by immunotherapy