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Crisis Development Model
Verbal Escalation Continuum
What's Your Body
Need to Know
Miscellanous
100
Defensive Level - define and give possible behaviors
The beginning state of loss of rationality. Possible Behaviors: questioning, refusal, noncompliance, release, yelling, intimidation or threats.
100
Questioning - Name two types and give two intervention strategies
Information Seeking Questions: Give a rational response. Challening Questions: Stick to the topic (redirect); ignore the challenge but not the person; set limits if the individual persists.
100
What is kinesics and give examples?
Body posture and movement. Facial expressions, gestures, posture, and movements. A staff member's kinesic behavior can serve to escalate or deescalate a given situation.
100
What are two ways a person can act out?
Verbally and Physically
100
What is integrated experience?
The concept that behaviors and attiudes of staff impact behaviors and attitudes of individuals, and vice versa.
200
Directive - define and give examples
An approach in which a staff member takes control of a potentially escalating situation by setting limits. Examples: give choices and consequences; allow time; give the positive choice first; make sure the limits are clear, reasonable, and enforceable.
200
Refusal: Give intervention strategies
Set limits: clear, reasonable, and enforceable.
200
What are the two ways a person can hurt you?
By striking you or grabing you.
200
When do you use nonviolent physical crisis intervention?
As a last resort when the individual is a danger to self or others.
200
What are the key elements of empathic listening?
Be nonjudgmental, Give undivided attention, Listen carefully to what the person is really saying -focus on feelings, not just facts, Allow silence for reflection, Use restatement to clarify the message
300
Anxiety: Define and give possible behaviors
A noticeable increase or change in behavior. Possible Behaviors: pacing, rocking, hand wringing, talking too much.
300
Release: Give intervention strategies
Allow the individual to let off steam, if possible. Remove any audience or the acting-out individual from the area.
300
What are some ways to help control staff fear and anxiety in a crisis situation?
Understand what makes us afraid. Learn techniques to protect ourselves and acting-out individuals in a crisis. Use a team approach - don't respond alone. Learn physical intervention techniques to manage acting-out individuals, if necessary.
300
Why is it important to learn the crisis development model?
To learn to recognize what stage of behavior a person is in and to provide the appropriate intervention. To intervene early and appropriately. Provides us with a plan
300
What is the definition of precipitating factors? Give examples
Internal or external causes of an acting-out behavior over which a staff member has little or no control. Loss of personal power, need to maintain self-esteem, fear, failure, attention seeking, displace anger, psychological/physiological causes.
400
Nonviolent physical crisis intervention - Define and give examples.
Safe, nonharmful control and restraint positions to safely control an individual until he can regain control of his behavior. These techniques should be used only as a last resort when a person is a danger to self or others. Examples: Children's Control Position, Team Control, Interim Control.
400
Intimidation: Give intervention strategies
Seek assistance and wait for team to intervene, if possible. Take all threats seriously.
400
What are some unproductive reactions to staff fear and anxiety?
Freezing - physically and mentally. Overreacting- psychologically and physiologically. Responding inappropriately- verbally and physically.
400
What are the keys to setting limits?
Simple/clear, Reasonable, Enforceable Allow the individual time to make a decision.
400
What is proxemics? Give examples that may affect the amount of personal space an individual may need.
Personal space: the area around an individual, including personal belongings. Factors that may affect the amount of personal space an individual may need: gender, size, cultural background, environment, age, etc.
500
Supportive: Define and give examples
An empathic, nonjudgemental approach attempting to alleviate anxiety. Examples: listen, validate feelings, assist if possible, provide information.
500
Tension Reduction: give intervention strategies
Establish therapeutic rapport. Teachable moment -
500
What are the componets of having TVC- Total Voice Control.
Being aware of your tone, volume and cadence. Is it escalating or deescalating the situation?
500
What are the three reasons for using the Supportive Stance?
Safety, Nonthreatening/nonchallenging, Commuincates respect - by honoring their personal space Staff member is at least one leg-length away from and at an angle (L-shape) to the individual.
500
What is the definition of paraverbal communication?
The vocal part of speech, excluding the actual words one uses.