Legal & Blood-Bourne Pathogens
Stopping treatment and leaving injured person before more help (of equal or greater training) arrives. (NOT including fetching a nearby AED or other first aid supplies).
What is abandonment
What is the first step as a responder to any emergency?
Check for scene safety
Explain 3 differences between superficial and life-threatening bleeds (identifying difference, treatment, anatomy)
Superficial: controllable with direct pressure, wrap with sterile gauze. Distal pulse still present after controlling.
Life-threat: arterial or venous, squirting, uncontrollable with direct pressure (may need proximal), tourniquet if necessary - distal pulse absent
BONUS: proper method of applying tourniquet?
FAST is the acronym to test for _______ and means:
Stroke.
Facial droop, arms, slurred speech, time
# of compressions per minute and ratio of compressions to rescue breaths during CPR
100-120 at least 2" deep, 30:2
What is an example of a bloodborne pathogen?
Hepatitis B & C, HIV,
First number you call in a life-threatening emergency:
People you call for ANY injury as soon as possible:
Resource to call for medical guidance:
911
Supervisor and safety rep
PacBlu
If a burn is NOT a result of fire or extreme heat and rather a chemical or substance, what should you consult before administering first aid?
SDS
Difference between heart attack and cardiac arrest
Heart attack: circulation problem, may lead to cardiac arrest
Cardiac arrest: electrical problem, can be sudden even with no history of heart problems, CPR/AED only chance of survival
Should you stop CPR while applying an AED?
Only if you are the sole rescuer and the AED is in close proximity to you
What is a method of protecting yourself and others from Bloodborne Pathogens?
PPE, hazard communication, prophylactic treatment if exposed
List five examples of a life-threatening emergency
NOT LIMITED TO: Unconscious or altered mental state, S/S of heart attack or stroke, anaphylaxis, head/back/neck injury, seizure, uncontrollable bleeding, severe burns (especially to head or chest), trouble breathing, trust your intuition and lean on side of caution
Type of injuries we do not move the person unless absolutely necessary to prevent further fatal injury
Head, back and neck
Name the two major types of stroke and what they mean
Ischemic: blockage of blood to brain
Hemorrhagic: bleed into brain
Agonal gasps are not a sign of life during CPR. What are some examples of signs of life?
NORMAL breathing, swallowing, blinking eyes and following object/response to stimuli, regular pulse
What are the two types of consent and what do they mean?
Express: Patient is conscious, has to verbally or physically consent to care (yes, head nod, etc.)
Implied: Patient is unconscious, law assumes conscious person would want life-saving care
SAMPLE
Signs/symptoms, allergies, medications, past medical history, last oral intake, event leading up to incident
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction that may cause excessive swelling that impacts airway, body rashes or hives, shock. What is the immediate and secondary treatment?
Epi-pen, and anti-histamines if able to swallow.
Chest pain or tightness, flush or pale face, sweating, trouble breathing, nausea or vomiting, feeling of impending doom, pain in other areas of body (jaw, arms, neck, shoulders, stomach) are all signs and symptoms of:
Heart attack
Where on the body are the electrode pads of an AED applied to an adult?
Upper right chest and lower left side (may need adjustment for pace maker)
What is the Good Samaritan Law?
Legal protection for people giving life-saving care in an emergency
Reasonable care, within scope, good faith
On a job site, list 4 roles and responsibilities that must be designated during an emergency
Caregiver, AED fetcher, 911 caller, traffic control/flagging EMS, any other depending on circumstance (accountability, crowd control, spill containment and cleanup, etc.)
Name at least three types of medical shock:
Signs and symptoms of shock:
Treatment:
Hypovolemic, cardiogenic, septic, anaphylactic, neurogenic.
Thready, weak or absent radial pulses, labored breathing or shallow breaths, dilated pupils, narrowing pulse pressure
Keep body temperature regulated/warm, lay on back and raise feet, continue to monitor vitals and perform FA
What OTC medicine should you never give to someone experiencing S/S of a stroke?
Aspirin
Chances of survival drop 10% every ____ minute(s) CPR is delayed
1 minute