Diabetic Emergencies and Seizures
What are the signs and symptoms of a diabetic emergency?
Dizziness/shakiness, Headache, Cool/moist skin, Behavior changes, Confusion, Loss of consciousness/seizures or both.
What is a heart attack?
Blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, causing cells to die and leading to permanent damage of the heart muscle.
What is the purpose of a tourniquet?
Constrict blood vessels and stop blood flow to an open wound.
What is S.A.M.P.L.E?
S = Signs and symptoms
A = Allergies
M = Medications
P = Pertinent medical history
L = Last food or drink
E = Events leading up to the incident
When do you call 911 for a muscle/bone/joint injury?
A broken bone is protruding through the skin. The injured body part is bent, crooked or looks deformed. There is moderate or severe swelling and bruising. The person heard or felt the injured area “pop” or “snap” at the time of the injury.
If a person is suffering from low blood sugar, how many grams of sugar should you give them?
15-20g
What are the causes of cardiac arrest?
Cardiovascular disease. Breathing emergencies, such as drowning and choking. Severe trauma. Electric shock. Drug overdose.
What are common causes of nosebleeds?
Trauma (e.g., getting hit in the face), Exposure to dry or cold air, High blood pressure, Use of certain medications (e.g., blood thinners).
What is the FIRST thing you should do before giving care?
What is R.I.C.E.?
Rest. Immobilize. Cold. Elevate.
How do you care for someone having a seizure?
Let the seizure run its course. Remove nearby furniture or other objects that could cause injury if the person hits them during the seizure.
What is the cardiac chain of survival?
Recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the EMS system. Early CPR. Early defibrillation. Early advanced life support. Integrated post-cardiac arrest care.
What are the signs and symptoms of poisoning?
Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea. Trouble breathing. Changes in level of consciousness, seizures, headache, dizziness or weakness. Abnormal skin color or sweating.
How many chest compressions per minute should you do for compression only CPR after calling 9-1-1?
100-120 per minute
If you think a person has a head/neck/spinal injury, the most important things to do are...?
Call 9-1-1. Approach from the front so the person can see you without turning his/her head. Tell them to respond verbally to questions. Have them remain in the position they are in until EMS arrive. If the person is wearing a helmet, do not remove it.
When do you call 911 for a person having a seizure?
Lasts more than 5 minutes, or the person has multiple. The person was injured. The person is unresponsive. The person is pregnant or has diabetes. Person is young child, infant or elderly. The person's first known seizure. Seizure happens in water.
What does F.A.S.T. stand for in a stroke?
Face.
Arm.
Speech.
Time.
If the person is showing signs and symptoms of poisoning but they are responsive and alert, what do you do?
Call the national Poison Help hotline at 1-800-222-1222 and follow the advice given.
When do you use an AED?
When a person is in cardiac arrest.
If the person has sustained an injury that could cause a concussion, but they are not showing any signs or symptoms, what should they do?
See a healthcare provider.
What do you do once the seizure has ended?
Check the person for responsiveness. If the person is responsive, check the person from head to toe and place the person in the recovery position.
What are signs and symptoms of stroke?
Paralysis or numbness of the face, arms or legs, especially on one side of the body. A sudden, severe headache. Dizziness or loss of balance. Drooping features on one side of the face. Slurred speech.
What are the three types of burns? (bonus: how do you treat each?)
Thermal burn: Remove the source of the heat.
Chemical burn: Remove contaminated clothing. If chemical is a liquid, flush the area with cool water for 20 minutes or until EMS personnel take over. If the chemical is dry powder, put on gloves and brush chemical off the skin, then flush the area with cool, running water for 15 minutes or until EMS personnel take over.
Electrical burn: Turn off the power at its source.
What is anaphylaxis and what drug helps or stops to slow it down?
Epinephrine.
What are the four categories that concussions are grouped in?
Thinking and remembering. Physical. Emotional. Behavioral.