Bleeds
First-Aid Detectives
First-Aid Treatments
CPR Basics
How to Perform CPR
100
How do you treat a small cut?
1. Wash with clean water
2. Pat dry using clean towel
3. Apply treatment or medication (Neosporin, etc.)
4. Use a bandaid
100
What are common symptoms of a mild allergic reaction?
Difficulty breathing, hives, runny nose
100
How do you treat a mild allergic reaction?
Antihistamines for congestion
Hydrocortisone for hives
100
What does CPR stand for?
Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation
Cardio = Heart, Pulmonary = Lungs, Resuscitation = Revive
100
Which of these scenes is safe?
Checking for scene safety is the first step of CPR! Protect yourself and the victim!
200
How do you treat a large wound?
1. Apply pressure with hands
2. Apply dressing and press
200
What is the universal sign of choking?
Both hands around the neck
Patient is unable to make any sounds or talk due to poor/no air flow into the lungs
200
What do you do when someone is having an asthma attack?
Signs: coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath
Treatment: inhalers, which allow more oxygen to flow into the lungs
200
What is cardiac arrest?
Cardiac arrest is when there is an electrical problem with the heart and it beats at an irregular rhythm
200
How do you check if a patient is responsive (awake)?
Shout "Are you okay?" while tapping on their shoulders hard
This is the second step of CPR!
300
What do you do to treat a nose bleed?
300
What are signs of a heat stroke?
No sweating, skin is hot to touch, rapid breathing, change in mental behavior, fainting
Treatment: cool quickly (ice bath, ocean, etc.)
300
What do you do when someone has a seizure?
Signs of a seizure: muscle spasms, lack of motor control, caused by head injuries, epilepsy, etc.
Don't restrain the person
1. Ease the person to the floor
2. Turn the person gentle onto one side
3. Protect them from harm by putting a pillow or folded jacket underneath their head
300
What is CPR?
A life-saving procedure for someone who shows signs of cardiac arrest
Signs: unresponsive, no normal breathing, no pulse
300
If a person is not responding when you are shouting and tapping on their shoulders, what do you do (third step of CPR)?
Send for help by calling 911 and grabbing an AED
If there are people nearby, point to 2 people and tell 1 of them to call 911 and tell the other to grab an AED
400
What does bleeding from veins look like?
Oozing, flowing out slowly, not spurting, dark-colored
400
How can you tell if someone is having a heart attack?
Chest discomfort that travels to the arms and back, shortness of breath, nausea, clamminess
400
What do you do when someone is feeling really cold and their body can't warm back up (hypothermia)?
Signs: shivering, low energy, weak, change in mental behavior
Treatment: gradually warm them, dry off if they are wet, move to a warm area, warm the center of the body first
400
What is the purpose of CPR?
Preserve brain function. Brain can be permanently damaged after 4-6 minutes without oxygen.
Purpose of compressions: pump blood throughout the body and to vital organs
Purpose of breaths: provide oxygen
400
What do you check before doing compressions?
1. Carotid pulse (the beat you feel in the middle of your neck)
2. If the patient has eaten
3. The patient's shoes
Carotid pulse and chest rise and fall. Let's all try to find the carotid pulse!
500
What does bleeding from the arteries look like?
Spurting, bright red color
500
What are signs of a stroke?
A stroke is when there is a blood clot that prevents oxygen from getting to the brain
F ace drooping
A rm weakness
S peech difficulty
T ime to call 911
500
How do you treat a sprain?
R est
I ce
C ompress
E levate
500
Can you perform CPR without CPR training?
No
BUT in the case of an emergency, the Good Samaritan law protects civilians who attempt to help a person undergoing cardiac arrest or facing some other injury
500
How do you perform compressions?
1. Put 1 hand on top of the other and interlace your fingers.
2. Straighten out your arms.
3. Press hard on the middle of the chest to the beat of Stayin' Alive
