Responding to an Emergency
When you are providing first aid you should ____
a. wear PPE
b. only wear PPE if the person is someone you don't know
c. not be concerned about PPE as long as you wash your hands
d. use cloth gloves to protect your hands
What are some signs of a heart attack?
What should you do when anyone is exhibiting these signs?
- chest pressure/pain, nausea or vomiting, jaw/neck pain, shortness of breath, extreme fatigue, fainting, indigestion
-call 911!
A person with a nosebleed should ___________
lean forward
When giving a rescue breath during CPR, each breath should last about:
one second
When you phone for help, you should stay on the line with the dispatcher until:
The dispatcher tells you it is okay to hang up.
-trouble breathing, swelling of tongue and face, signs of shock
-use their epinephrine pen if available, call 911 if symptoms worsen or if they do not have an epi pen
Puncture wounds -
If a large stick or knife has been pushed into someone's body, you should ___________
leave it in and get help
The cycle of chest compressions and rescue breaths in CPR is:
30 chest compressions for every 2 rescue breaths.
When assessing the scene, you should consider _______
-danger to yourself and others
-how many people are injured/ill
-where the location is
-where the nearest telephone, first aid kit, AED is
What does the acronym F.A.S.T. stand for and how do we use it to recognize the warning signs of stroke?
F- face drooping
A- arm weakness
S- speech difficulty
T - TIME TO CALL 911
Using a tourniquet:
Where is the proper placement of a tourniquet?
2-3 inches above the bleeding site, not on a joint
Effective chest compressions are:
-delivered fast, about 100-120 beats per minute
-smooth, regular and given straight up and down
-at least 2" deep
-allow the chest to return to normal position
When should the rescuer initially ensure that the scene is safe?
-immediately before doing anything else
-when the rescuer first sees a potential victim.
something that contains sugar to eat or drink, such as juice, a glucose tablet, or soft candy
Head, neck, and spine injuries are extremely serious medical emergencies. Call 911.
Suspect a head or spine injury if the person __________.
A person with a head injury may show these signs __________.
-fell from a height
-has tingling or weakness in extremities
-appears intoxicated or not fully alert
-suffered a strong blow to the head
-was injured while diving
-was involved in a car crash
-was riding a bicycle and involved in a fall or crash, especially if not wearing a helmet
Signs: doesn't respond or only moans, acts sleepy or confused, vomits, has trouble seeing, walking or moving any part of the body, has a seizure
Early CPR is important in the Cardiac Chain of Survival because:
a. it prevents heart attacks
b. it helps circulate blood that contains oxygen to the vital organ until an AED is ready to use, or advanced medical personnel take over.
c. it restarts the heart
d. it prevents the heart from seizing up
b. it helps circulate blood that contains oxygen to the vital organ until an AED is ready to use, or advanced medical personnel take over.
What is the correct order of steps to take when responding to a potential emergency?
1. check the scene
2. check for responsiveness
3. shout for help and instruct person to call 911 and get the first aid kit/AED, or call 911 yourself and put on speaker phone
4. check for breathing
5. (if not breathing) start CPR
6. when an AED becomes available, use it immediately
What causes seizures?
When should you phone 911 for a seizure?
-epilepsy, head injury, low blood sugar, heat-related injury, poisoning, or cardiac arrest
-you should phone 911 if you do not know the cause, if it is the person's first seizure, if the seizure lasts more than 3 minutes
-ALWAYS phone 911 if the seizure may be due to a head injury, low blood sugar, heat, poison, or cardiac arrest. These are VERY serious medical emergencies that require immediate care.
-rinse the amputated part with clean water
-cover it with a clean dressing
-place in a watertight plastic bag
-place that bag in a container that contains ice or ice water (label with injured person's name, the date and time)
-make sure the body part gets to the hospital with the injured person
Remember: DO NOT place part directly on ice.
As soon as the AED becomes available, which of the following is the first step the rescuer should perform to operate the AED.
a. place pads on chest
b. deliver 2 rescue breaths before using AED
c. turn on the AED
d. complete 5 cycles of CPR before using AED
c. TURN IT ON